Perspectives on additives for polymers. Part 2. Aspects of photostabilization and role of fillers and pigments
Perspectives on additives for polymers. Part 2. Aspects of photostabilization and role of fillers and pigments
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DOI：
10.1002/vnl.21810
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发表时间：
2020-12-14
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Edge, Michele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, Norman S.;Edge, Michele
在这个由两部分组成的系列的第一部分中，描述并强调了抗氧化剂（主要和辅助）、加工助剂、金属钝化剂和一些光稳定剂的最重要方面及其机制、问题和相互作用。重点关注性能和色彩问题上的协同和拮抗作用，并对 PVC 有独特的见解。本文的第二部分以类似的方式介绍了光稳定剂以及一些重要填料和颜料的类型、作用方式、性能、用途、问题（和规避措施）的总体观点。蒙脱石、二氧化硅、炭黑和二氧化钛将是主要特征，重点是聚合物体系的结构、活性和配方。从物理、美观、结构、机械和化学的角度来看，稳定剂和填料/颜料之间的添加剂相互作用是最终使用性能的主要控制因素。事实上，对于填充聚合物，人们进入了一个过于复杂的相互作用世界，导致一些极端的协同作用和常常是对抗性的问题，这些问题在许多情况下会破坏甚至增强功能性加工添加剂的活性。其中一些将被重点介绍，以便为技术人员提供至少一些经验，以便人们可以警惕配制更复杂的包装时的任何潜在问题，这些包装不仅需要颜色，还需要高性能。
In Part I of this two-part series the most important aspects of antioxidants (primary and secondary), processing aids, metal deactivators and some light stabilizers were described and highlighted together with their mechanisms, problems, and interactions. Emphasis was placed on synergism and antagonism in performances and color problems with a special insight regarding PVC. Part 2 of this article presents in a similar way general perspective on the type, mode of action, properties, uses, problems (and circumvention) of light stabilizers and of some important fillers and pigments. Montmorillonites, silica, carbon blacks, and titanium dioxide will be the main features with an emphasis on structure, activity, and formulations in polymer systems. Additive interactions between stabilizers and fillers/pigments is a major controlling factor in the end use performance from a physical, esthetic, structural, mechanical, and chemical point of view. Indeed, with filled polymers one enters an overly complex world of interactions giving rise to some extreme synergistic and often antagonistic problems which can in many cases destroy or even enhance the activity of functional processing additives. Several of these will be highlighted to provide the technologist with at least some experience such that one can be alert to any potential issues in formulating more complex packages where not just color but high performance is also required.