Breast Cancer Screening in Malaysia: A Policy Review.
Breast Cancer Screening in Malaysia: A Policy Review.
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DOI：
10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.6.1685
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发表时间：
2021-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Su TT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Htay MNN;Donnelly M;Schliemann D;Loh SY;Dahlui M;Somasundaram S;Ibrahim Tamin NSB;Su TT
乳腺癌是马来西亚女性癌症的主要原因。实施包括筛查在内的预防措施有可能减轻因晚期就诊而造成的乳腺癌负担。 本文旨在回顾马来西亚与乳腺癌筛查相关的公共卫生政策，该政策旨在促进癌症预防、检测和改善马来西亚妇女服务的政策制定。 政策审查策略包括在马来西亚卫生部网站上专门搜索相关政策。此外，我们还在 Google 和 Pubmed 中搜索了针对马来西亚女性的乳腺癌筛查计划、政策和指南。此外，专家和利益相关者还提供了以马来语出版的额外资源。马来语的相关指南已翻译成英语并包括文件审查。 政策分析表明，尽管众所周知，筛查、早期检测和诊断可以提高生存率，但延迟诊断仍然是一个重大问题。卫生部的政策规定提供机会性乳房X光检查。然而，由于缺乏筛查意识以及获得服务方面的困难，尤其是在农村地区，人们的接受程度各不相同，而且实施也具有挑战性。转诊指南的制定和实施对于乳腺癌患者及时接受治疗至关重要。有必要与政府服务部门和私营癌症护理部门合作，加强医生向国家癌症登记处的癌症报告，以改善对癌症控制政策和计划的监测和评估。 重点关注提高认识、增加筛查设施的可及性、改善转诊流程以及癌症护理系统的整体连通性，是马来西亚降低乳腺癌分期的关键步骤。
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer among Malaysian women. The implementation of prevention measures including screening has the potential to reduce the burden of breast cancer which caused by late presentation. This paper aimed to review the public health policy relating to breast cancer screening in Malaysia that was undertaken in order to contribute to policy development regarding cancer prevention, detection and the improvement of services for Malaysian women. The policy review strategy included a specific search of the website of the Ministry of Health in Malaysia for relevant policies. In addition, we searched Google and Pubmed for breast cancer screening programmes, policies, and guidelines for women in Malaysia. In addition, experts and stakeholders provided additional resources, published in Malay language. Relevant guidelines in the Malay language were translated into English and included the document review. The policy analysis indicated that although it is known that screening, early detection and diagnosis improve survival rates, delayed diagnosis remains a significant issue. The Ministry of Health policy stipulates the provision of opportunistic mammography screening. However, the uptake is varied, and implementation is challenging due to a lack of awareness about screening and difficulties related to accessing services, especially in rural areas. The establishment and implementation of referral guidelines is essential to receive timely treatment for breast cancer patients. There is a need to enhance the cancer reporting by the doctors to the national cancer registry, in collaboration with government services and the private cancer-care sector to improve the monitoring and evaluation of cancer control policies and programmes. A focus on raising awareness, increasing the accessibility of screening facilities and improving referral processes and the overall connectivity of the cancer care system are key steps to down-staging breast cancer in Malaysia.