Development and Evaluation of an Aerosol Generation and Supplying System for Inhalation Experiments of Manufactured Nanoparticles
Development and Evaluation of an Aerosol Generation and Supplying System for Inhalation Experiments of Manufactured Nanoparticles
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DOI：
10.1021/es9008773
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发表时间：
2009-07-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Nakanishi, Junko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimada, Manabu;Wang, Wei-Ning;Nakanishi, Junko
通过吸入实验评估纳米颗粒的风险非常重要，因为吸入被认为是接触悬浮在空气中的纳米颗粒的最重要途径。然而，使用制造的纳米颗粒进行吸入实验很少，主要是因为很难在很长一段时间内稳定地将纳米颗粒分散在空气中。在这项研究中，我们首次报道了一种合理的系统的开发，用于稳定和连续地分散和供应用于吸入实验的制造的纳米颗粒。该系统是使用喷雾干燥技术开发的，其中使用雾化器雾化氧化镍(NiO)和富勒烯(C-60)纳米颗粒悬浮液，并将生成的液滴干燥以生成气溶胶纳米颗粒。气溶胶颗粒的大小、浓度和形态通过使用气溶胶测量装置的在线测量和基于收集的气溶胶颗粒的离线测量来评估。在考察了悬浮条件和气溶胶产生条件的影响后，我们得到了平均直径分别为53-和88-98 nm的NiO和C-60气溶胶纳米粒子。通过将这些气雾剂喂入大鼠的全身暴露室内，可以实现长时间(每天6小时)和长期(每周5天，持续4周)的稳定气雾剂纳米粒供应。
Risk assessment of nanoparticles by inhalation experiments is of great importance since inhalation is considered the most significant route of exposure to nanoparticles Suspended in air. However, there have been few inhalation experiments using manufactured nanoparticles, mainly because of the difficulty in stably dispersing the nanoparlicles in air for a long period of time. In this study, we report for the first time the development of a rational system for stably and continuously dispersing and supplying manufactured nanoparticles for inhalation experiments. The system was developed using a spray-drying technique, in which a nebulizer was used to atomize nickel oxide (NiO) and fullerene (C-60) nanoparticle suspensions, and the resulting droplets were dried to generate aerosol nanoparticles. The size, concentration and morphology of the aerosol particles were evaluated by in-line measurements using an aerosol measuring device and off-line measurements based on the collection of the aerosol particles. After examining the effects of the conditions for the suspensions and the aerosol generation, we were able to obtain NiO and C-60 Aerosol nanoparticles with: average diameters of 53-64 and 88-98 nm, respectively. By feeding these aerosols into a whole-body exposure chamber for rats, a stable supply of the aerosol nanoparticles could be achieved for long hourly durations (6 h per day) as well as for long terms (5 days per week for 4 weeks).