Micro-analysis of infant looking in a naturalistic social setting: insights from biologically based models of attention
Micro-analysis of infant looking in a naturalistic social setting: insights from biologically based models of attention
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01066.x
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Deak, Gedeon O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Barbaro, Kaya;Chiba, Andrea;Deak, Gedeon O.
当前的注意力理论假定注意力警惕的几个微观指标依赖于蓝斑的激活，蓝斑是调节皮质去甲肾上腺素活动的脑干核（Aston-Jones et al.，1999年）。这一理论可以解释婴儿文献中的许多发现，同时突出了婴儿注意力研究和理论的重要新领域。我们研究了n = 16个婴儿（6-7个月）的视觉行为，而他们出席了多个空间分布的目标在自然环境中。我们编码的注意力警惕性的四项措施，改编自研究的去甲肾上腺素能调制的动物注意力：率的固定，固定的持续时间，延迟到重新定位，和目标的“命中”。这些措施表明，在个别婴儿的高度一致性，从动物研究的结果平行。结果还表明，不太警惕的婴儿表现出更大的习惯性的审判结构和更注意力不突出的刺激在高注意力的竞争期间。这种结果模式是预测的阿斯顿-琼斯模型的注意力，但不能解释的标准信息处理模型。
A current theory of attention posits that several micro-indices of attentional vigilance are dependent on activation of the locus coeruleus, a brainstem nucleus that regulates cortical norepinephrine activity (Aston-Jones et al., 1999). This theory may account for many findings in the infant literature, while highlighting important new areas for research and theory on infant attention. We examined the visual behaviors of n = 16 infants (6-7 months) while they attended to multiple spatially distributed targets in a naturalistic environment. We coded four measures of attentional vigilance, adapted from studies of norepinergic modulation of animal attention: rate of fixations, duration of fixations, latency to reorientation, and target 'hits'. These measures showed a high degree of coherence in individual infants, in parallel with findings from animal studies. Results also suggest that less vigilant infants showed greater habituation to the trial structure and more attentiveness to less salient stimuli during periods of high attentional competition. This pattern of results is predicted by the Aston-Jones model of attention, but could not be explained by the standard information processing model.