The mechanism of formation of desert mirages
The mechanism of formation of desert mirages
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DOI：
10.1088/1402-4896/ab1302
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发表时间：
2020-02
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hongshou Li;Rong-Ping Wang;H. Zhan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hongshou Li;Rong-Ping Wang;H. Zhan
海市蜃楼是沙漠中特有的光学现象。本文探讨了它们形成的机制。在戈壁的光学实验表明，折射率降低约20至40厘米以上的地面造成地面光的全反射。因此，地面光无法穿透，形成了“水面”海市蜃楼--高于海市蜃楼的物体将通过反射形成倒置的图像。温度和湿度的监测证明了折射率在海市蜃楼下发生反转。海市蜃楼的形成主要是由大气20 ~ 40 cm层的逆温引起的，潜水蒸发是形成这一逆温层的主要原因。沙漠海市蜃楼是一种全反射和镜面反射现象。
The mirage is a unique optical phenomenon in the desert. This paper investigates the mechanism by which they form. Optical experiments in the Gobi show that the refractive index decreases about 20 to 40 cm above the ground causing a total reflection of ground surface light. Thus, ground light cannot get through and a ‘water surface’ mirage is formed—objects that are higher than the mirage will form an inverted image by reflection. Temperature and humidity monitoring prove that inversion of the refractive index occurs under the mirage. Mirage formation is mainly caused by temperature inversion in the 20 to 40 cm layer of the atmosphere, and phreatic water evaporation is the main reason for the formation of this temperature-inverted layer. The desert mirage is a phenomenon involving both total reflection and mirror reflection.