Photochemical liquefaction and softening in molecular materials, polymers, and related compounds
Photochemical liquefaction and softening in molecular materials, polymers, and related compounds
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分子材料、聚合物和相关化合物的光化学液化和软化
DOI：
10.1038/s41428-018-0064-4
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Akiyama Haruhisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamamoto Takahiro;Norikane Yasuo;Akiyama Haruhisa
介绍了光致液化和软化材料的最新进展，包括分子材料、凝胶和聚合物。首次报道了具有长烷氧基链的大环偶氮苯分子在室温下通过反-顺光异构化发生光诱导固-液相变。从那时起，通过使用具有简单分子设计的模型化合物，研究了用于理解光诱导相变的结构-性质关系。这种偶氮苯基材料也表现出动态运动的玻璃和水的表面上，这些运动是由连续液化/结晶和溶解的液化材料。光致液化在中分子和高分子材料中得到了进一步发展。烷基链长、官能团和偶氮苯单元数对光诱导行为的影响已被广泛研究。此外，通过使用光响应性凝胶因子，实现了凝胶的光诱导准固-液（凝胶-溶胶）相变。此外，最近，已经提出了一种光响应性增塑剂，其可以通过光照射使“光非活性”聚合物交联。
Recent developments in materials showing photo-induced liquefaction and softening, including molecular materials, gels, and polymers, are described. A macrocyclic azobenzene molecule that has long alkoxy chains was first reported to show a photo-induced solid–liquid phase transition at room temperature throughtrans–cisphotoisomerization. The structure–property relationship for understanding the photo-induced phase transition has since been investigated by using model compounds with a simple molecular design. Such azobenzene-based materials also exhibited dynamic motion on glass and water surfaces; these motions are driven by continuous liquefaction/crystallization and dissolution of the liquefied material. Photo-induced liquefaction has been further developed in middle molecular and polymeric materials. The effects of the alkyl chain length, functional groups, and number of azobenzene units on the photo-induced behavior have been extensively investigated. In addition, by using photoresponsive gelators, the photo-induced quasi-solid–liquid (gel–sol) phase transition of gels was accomplished. Moreover, very recently, a photoresponsive plasticizer that can plasticize “photo-inactive” polymers by light irradiation has been proposed.