Understanding the psychosocial factors influencing the risky behaviour of young drivers
Understanding the psychosocial factors influencing the risky behaviour of young drivers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trf.2009.08.003
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
King, Mark J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scott-Parker, Bridie;Watson, Barry;King, Mark J.
17-24岁的年轻人在世界各地的道路交通事故中丧生的风险很高。道路安全干预考虑了对年轻司机行为的一些影响；例如，对年轻的新手司机实施乘客限制间接地将同龄人作为乘客的潜在负面社会影响降至最低。要改变年轻驾驶员的危险行为，必须确定对其启动和维持的多种心理社会影响。本研究设计了一份研究问卷，考察了危险驾驶与Akers的社会学习理论、社会认同理论以及寻求刺激变量之间的关系。调查问卷由居住在澳大利亚昆士兰东南部的165名参与者(105名女性，60名男性)完成。年龄、性别和暴露的社会人口统计变量解释了自我报告的危险驾驶行为的19%的差异，而Akers的社会学习变量解释了另外42%。寻求刺激和社会认同变量不能解释任何显著的额外差异。危险驾驶的重要预测因素包括模仿父母和同龄人的驾驶行为，以及预期的奖惩。在年轻司机道路安全干预措施的设计、实施和执行中直接考虑并纳入这些因素的道路安全政策应被证明比目前的方法更有效。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Young people aged 17-24 years are at high risk of being killed in road crashes around the world. Road safety interventions consider some influences upon young driver behaviour; for example, imposing passenger restrictions on young novice drivers indirectly minimises the potential negative social influences of peers as passengers. To change young driver risky behaviour, the multitude of psychosocial influences upon its initiation and maintenance must be identified. A study questionnaire was developed to investigate the relationships between risky driving and Akers' social learning theory, social identity theory, and thrill seeking variables. The questionnaire was completed by 165 participants (105 women, 60 men) residing in south-east Queensland, Australia. The sociodemographic variables of age, gender, and exposure explained 19% of the variance in self-reported risky driving behaviour, whilst Akers' social learning variables explained an additional 42%. Thrill seeking and social identity variables did not explain any significant additional variance. Significant predictors of risky driving included imitation of the driving behaviours of, and anticipated rewards and punishments administered by, parents and peers. Road safety policy that directly considers and incorporates these factors in their design, implementation, and enforcement of young driver road safety interventions should prove more efficacious than current approaches. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.