Cleanex process: a versatile solvent extraction process for recovery and purification of lanthanides, americium, and curium
Cleanex process: a versatile solvent extraction process for recovery and purification of lanthanides, americium, and curium
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Cleanex 工艺：用于回收和纯化镧系元素、镅和锔的多功能溶剂萃取工艺
DOI：
10.1021/bk-1980-0117.ch011
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. King
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Bigelow;E. Collins;L. King
在直链烃稀释剂中浓度为 1 M 时，HDEHP 将从稀酸或盐溶液中提取镅、锔和其他三价锕系元素和镧系元素。溶质用更浓的酸（硝酸或盐酸）反萃取。该工艺已用于连续逆流模式，但其最大优势出现在间歇萃取中，其中过量的酸可以用 NaOH 滴定，以产生约 0.03 M 的最终酸度。在这些条件下，通常可以在一个阶段中实现 99% 的回收率。 Cleanex 在橡树岭超铀加工厂的 50 升规模上使用了 12 年，在应用更复杂的技术分离单个产品之前，对超铀元素进行广谱净化。该工艺还经常用于从工厂废物流中回收过量损失的锔和/或锎。该溶剂系统相对抗辐射损伤，可用功率高达 200 W-h/L。
At a concentration of 1 M in straight-chain hydrocarbon diluent, HDEHP will extract americium, curium, and other trivalent actinide and lanthanide elements from dilute acid or salt solutions. The solute is back-extracted with more concentrated acid, either nitric or hydrochloric. The process has been used in the continuous, countercurrent mode, but its greatest advantage arises in batch extractions where the excess acid can be titrated with NaOH to produce a final acidity of about 0.03 M. Under these conditions, 99% recovery can be achieved, usually in one stage. Cleanex was used on the 50-liter scale at the Transuranium Processing Plant at Oak Ridge for 12 years to provide a broad spectrum cleanup to transuranium elements before applying more sophisticated techniques for separating individual products. The process is also used routinely to recover excessive losses of curium and/or californium from plant waste streams. The solvent system is relatively resistant to radiation damage, being usable up to 200 W-h/liter.