Sex-specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape.
Sex-specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape.
复制标题
蚜虫 DNA 甲基化景观的性别特异性变化。
DOI：
10.1111/mec.15216
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Mathers TC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mathers TC
蚜虫提供了一个理想的系统来研究表观遗传学，因为它们可以产生不同的，但遗传上相同的，变形响应环境刺激。在这里，使用全基因组亚硫酸氢盐测序和转录组测序的绿色桃蚜（桃蚜），我们提出了第一个详细的分析胞嘧啶甲基化在蚜虫和男性和无性雌性形态的甲基化和转录景观的差异。我们发现，甲基化主要发生在CG二核苷酸（CpG）的背景下，外显子高度富集甲基化的CpG，特别是在基因的3′端。甲基化与基因表达正相关，甲基化基因比非甲基化基因表达更稳定。雄性和无性雌性变体具有不同的甲基化谱。引人注目的是，性染色体和常染色体之间的这些特征是不同的;与无性雌性相比，雄性中的常染色体基因是低甲基化的，而属于性染色体的基因，在雄性中是单倍体，是高甲基化的。总的来说，我们发现男性和无性女性之间的甲基化和基因表达的相关变化，这种相关性对于位于性染色体上的基因特别强。我们的研究结果表明，性别偏向基因的差异甲基化在蚜虫性别分化中起着重要作用。
Aphids present an ideal system to study epigenetics as they can produce diverse, but genetically identical, morphs in response to environmental stimuli. Here, using whole genome bisulphite sequencing and transcriptome sequencing of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), we present the first detailed analysis of cytosine methylation in an aphid and investigate differences in the methylation and transcriptional landscapes of male and asexual female morphs. We found that methylation primarily occurs in a CG dinucleotide (CpG) context and that exons are highly enriched for methylated CpGs, particularly at the 3′ end of genes. Methylation is positively associated with gene expression, and methylated genes are more stably expressed than unmethylated genes. Male and asexual female morphs have distinct methylation profiles. Strikingly, these profiles are divergent between the sex chromosome and the autosomes; autosomal genes are hypomethylated in males compared to asexual females, whereas genes belonging to the sex chromosome, which is haploid in males, are hypermethylated. Overall, we found correlated changes in methylation and gene expression between males and asexual females, and this correlation was particularly strong for genes located on the sex chromosome. Our results suggest that differential methylation of sex‐biased genes plays a role in aphid sexual differentiation.