An Interactive Web Application Helps Students Explore Water Balance Concepts
An Interactive Web Application Helps Students Explore Water Balance Concepts
复制标题
交互式 Web 应用程序帮助学生探索水平衡概念
作者：
J. P. Gannon;K. McGuire
水平衡的概念是水文学课堂的基础话题。虽然理解和应用这一概念对于引入更高级的主题至关重要，但学生们往往很难全面理解水平衡的组成部分、假设和限制之间的关系。为了帮助学生发展对水平衡的实际理解，我们开发了一个网络应用程序，在美国大陆数千个NOAA气候站中的任何一个上运行一维的桑维特式水平衡，使用该站所在地的当地土壤-水储存容量。在应用程序中，学生们可以操纵土壤储水量、纬度、温度和降水，以更好地了解它的工作原理，并探索土地利用、极端天气和气候变化的场景。该应用程序是免费的，可以在任何可以打开互联网浏览器窗口的设备上运行（笔记本电脑，chromebook，智能手机等）。在这里，我们将介绍模型的细节、应用程序的功能，以及几个现成的课堂活动的链接。最后，两个水文学教室的学生调查结果表明，学生可能比电子表格计算等传统方法更有效地学习水平衡概念。
The concept of a water balance is a foundational topic in hydrology classrooms. While understanding and applying this concept is crucial to the introduction of more advanced topics, students often struggle to develop a thorough understanding of the relationships between components, assumptions, and limitations of a water balance. To aid students in developing a working understanding of a water balance, we developed a web application that runs a one dimensional Thornthwaite-type water balance at any of thousands of NOAA climate stations across the continental United States using the local soil-water storage capacity at the station location. Within the app, students can manipulate the soil-water storage capacity, latitude, temperature, and precipitation to better understand how it works and explore scenarios of land use, extreme weather, and climate change. The application is free and will run on any device that can open an internet browser window (laptops, chromebooks, smartphones, etc). Here we present the details of the model, functionality of the application, and link to several ready-made classroom activities. Finally, results from student surveys in two hydrology classrooms show that students may learn water balance concepts more effectively than traditional methods such as spreadsheet computations.