Sex bias in basic and preclinical noise-induced hearing loss research.
Sex bias in basic and preclinical noise-induced hearing loss research.
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DOI：
10.4103/nah.nah_12_17
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发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Schrode KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lauer AM;Schrode KM
大脑生物化学、生理学、结构和功能方面的性别差异越来越受到科学界的关注。男性和女性对药物、疾病和环境变量可能有不同的反应。大约 7500 项噪声性听力损失 (NIHL) 研究中的一小部分已经确定了性别差异，但这些差异的机制和特征尚未得到彻底研究。美国国立卫生研究院 (NIH) 于 2015 年发布一项指令，从 2016 年 1 月开始将性别作为生物变量纳入 NIH 资助的所有研究中。在本研究中，在 NIH 指令实施之前，对 2011 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月 5 年期间 NIHL 临床前和基础研究中性别作为生物变量的表现进行了量化。对 210 项基础和临床前研究的分析表明，当指定性别时，实验主要在雄性动物上进行。这种偏见存在于美国和外国机构完成的研究中，并且仅使用男性参与者的研究比例在调查的 5 年期间实际上有所增加。这些结果强调需要投入资源研究两性的 NIHL，以更好地了解性别如何影响结果并优化治疗和预防策略。
Sex differences in brain biochemistry, physiology, structure, and function have been gaining increasing attention in the scientific community. Males and females can have different responses to medications, diseases, and environmental variables. A small number of the approximately 7500 studies of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) have identified sex differences, but the mechanisms and characterization of these differences have not been thoroughly studied. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) issued a mandate in 2015 to include sex as a biological variable in all NIH-funded research beginning in January 2016. In the present study, the representation of sex as a biological variable in preclinical and basic studies of NIHL was quantified for a 5-year period from January 2011 to December 2015 prior to the implementation of the NIH mandate. The analysis of 210 basic and preclinical studies showed that when sex is specified, experiments are predominantly performed on male animals. This bias is present in studies completed in the United States and foreign institutions, and the proportion of studies using only male participants has actually increased over the 5-year period examined. These results underscore the need to invest resources in studying NIHL in both sexes to better understand how sex shapes the outcomes and to optimize treatment and prevention strategies.