Effects of Radiation From Contaminated Soil and Moss in Fukushima on Embryogenesis and Egg Hatching of the Aphid Prociphilus oriens
Effects of Radiation From Contaminated Soil and Moss in Fukushima on Embryogenesis and Egg Hatching of the Aphid Prociphilus oriens
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DOI：
10.1093/jhered/esx072
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Ishida, Ken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Akimoto, Shin-ichi;Li, Yang;Ishida, Ken
福岛第一核电站周围广泛存在受辐射污染的土壤，此类土壤引起了人们对其对土壤生物的有害影响的担忧。我们评估了福岛污染土壤和苔藓样本对蚜虫卵胚胎发生和孵化的影响，以及卵暴露剂量的测量。福岛土壤和苔藓中的 Cs-137 浓度分别为 2200 至 3300 Bq/g 和 64 至 105 Bq/g。从非污染地区收集的圣蚜虫Prociphilus oriens的卵在滞育期间直接放置在土壤和苔藓上4或3个月，然后孵化直至孵化。鸡蛋的总暴露剂量估计为约。 4 个月的土壤实验为 100-200 mGy，4 个月的苔藓实验为 4-10 mGy。污染土壤处理与对照之间的卵孵化率没有显着差异。在受污染的土壤处理后孵化的第一龄幼虫中没有检测到形态异常。然而，我们发现辐射对卵孵化的影响微弱；放置在受污染苔藓上的卵比对照卵孵化得更早。在受污染的土壤上，由于容器之间的环境差异不受控制，辐射对卵孵化的影响并不明显。仅在孵化率高的容器中检测到辐射对蛋孵化的影响。通过实验，我们得出结论，蚜虫卵通过促进胚胎发生来响应超低剂量辐射。
Radiation-contaminated soils are widespread around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, and such soils raise concerns over its harmful effect on soil-dwelling organisms. We evaluated the effects of contaminated soil and moss sampled in Fukushima on the embryogenesis and hatching of aphid eggs, along with the measurement of the egg exposure dose. Cs-137 concentration in soil and moss from Fukushima ranged from 2200 to 3300 Bq/g and from 64 to 105 Bq/g, respectively. Eggs of the eriosomatine aphid Prociphilus oriens that were collected from a non-contaminated area were directly placed on the soil and moss for 4 or 3 months during diapause and then incubated until hatching. The total exposure dose to the eggs was estimated as ca. 100-200 mGy in the 4-month soil experiment and 4-10 mGy in the 4-month moss experiment. There was no significant difference in egg hatchability between the contaminated soil treatment and the control. No morphological abnormalities were detected in the first instars that hatched from the contaminated soil treatment. However, we found weak effects of radiation on egg hatching; eggs placed on the contaminated moss hatched earlier than did the control eggs. On the contaminated soil, the effects of radiation on egg hatching were not obvious because of uncontrolled environmental differences among containers. The effects of radiation on egg hatching were detected only in containers where high hatchability was recorded. Through the experiments, we concluded that the aphid eggs responded to ultra-low-dose radiation by advancing embryogenesis.