20 Years of Turbo Coding and Energy-Aware Design Guidelines for Energy-Constrained Wireless Applications
20 Years of Turbo Coding and Energy-Aware Design Guidelines for Energy-Constrained Wireless Applications
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DOI：
10.1109/comst.2015.2448692
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
35.6
通讯作者：
Matthew F. Brejza;Liang Li;R. Maunder;B. Al-Hashimi;C. Berrou;L. Hanzo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matthew F. Brejza;Liang Li;R. Maunder;B. Al-Hashimi;C. Berrou;L. Hanzo
在过去的二十年中，近容量纠错码(ECC)给无线通信带来了革命性的变化，例如Turbo码(TCS)，它提供了比它们的前身更低的误码率(BER)，而不需要增加传输能量消耗(EC)。因此，TCS被广泛应用于频谱受限的无线通信应用中，例如蜂窝电话、无线局域网和广播系统。然而，最近，TCS也被考虑用于能量受限的无线通信应用，如无线传感器网络和物联网。在这些应用中，还可以使用TCS来降低所需的传输EC，而不是改善误码率。然而，TCS的计算复杂度相对较高，因此，与信号处理相关的ECs并不是微不足道的。因此，在能量受限的应用中对TCS进行参数化时，必须同时考虑处理EC和传输EC。在本教程中，我们将研究为此目的构思的整体设计方法。我们首先详细介绍Turbo编码，重点介绍TCS的各种参数，并表征它们对编码比特率、射频带宽需求、传输EC和误码率的影响。随后，举例说明了节能TC解码器专用集成电路(ASIC)的体系结构设计，并将处理EC表征为TC参数的函数。最后，选择TC参数以最小化处理EC和传输EC之和。
During the last two decades, wireless communication has been revolutionized by near-capacity error-correcting codes (ECCs), such as turbo codes (TCs), which offer a lower bit error ratio (BER) than their predecessors, without requiring an increased transmission energy consumption (EC). Hence, TCs have found widespread employment in spectrum-constrained wireless communication applications, such as cellular telephony, wireless local area network, and broadcast systems. Recently, however, TCs have also been considered for energy-constrained wireless communication applications, such as wireless sensor networks and the `Internet of Things.' In these applications, TCs may also be employed for reducing the required transmission EC, instead of improving the BER. However, TCs have relatively high computational complexities, and hence, the associated signal-processing-related ECs are not insignificant. Therefore, when parameterizing TCs for employment in energy-constrained applications, both the processing EC and the transmission EC must be jointly considered. In this tutorial, we investigate holistic design methodologies conceived for this purpose. We commence by introducing turbo coding in detail, highlighting the various parameters of TCs and characterizing their impact on the encoded bit rate, on the radio frequency bandwidth requirement, on the transmission EC and on the BER. Following this, energy-efficient TC decoder application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) architecture designs are exemplified, and the processing EC is characterized as a function of the TC parameters. Finally, the TC parameters are selected in order to minimize the sum of the processing EC and the transmission EC.