EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF ROCIO VIRUS BY MOSQUITOS
EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF ROCIO VIRUS BY MOSQUITOS
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.1981.30.465
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
CROPP, CB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MITCHELL, CJ;MONATH, TP;CROPP, CB
Rocio脑炎是一种流行性黄病毒感染的人，首先描述于圣保罗州，巴西，在1975年。该病毒仅从自然界中收集的节肢动物（Psorophora ferox）中分离出一次，病毒传播周期的生态学仍在很大程度上未知。Rocio病毒在s.c.感染后48-72 h，在幼龄雏鸡中产生高水平的病毒复制（106.0-108.0 Vero [非洲绿色猴肾]细胞空斑形成单位/ml）。接种病毒或被一只受感染的蚊子叮咬。评估了各种蚊子物种和品系对经口感染的敏感性，测量了病毒感染率和传播率，确定了受感染蚊子的病毒含量，并获得了一些物种和品系中Rocio病毒生长模式的信息。根据病媒潜力，将测试的蚊子分为3类之一。[美国]亚利桑那州的跗库蚊（Culex tarsalis）和南方库蚊（C.来自Illinois [USA]的pipiens pipiens是相对有效的实验载体。这两个物种都很容易感染的鸡和高比例（92%和71%，分别）能够传播病毒的第20天的外部孵化。田纳西州[美国] C. pipiens亚种和阿根廷C.致倦库蚊（pipiens quinquefasciatus）是中等有效的实验载体。两种菌株都容易感染（94 - 98%）;传播率较低（分别为36%和23%）。路易斯安那州[美国] P. ferox和C. nigripalpus和C.来自佛罗里达[美国]的（黑锥虫）后足虫是相对低效的实验载体。感染率低和/或病毒在感染的个体中没有生长到高滴度。这些研究支持了Rocio病毒是一种蚊媒虫媒病毒的假设，并说明了该病毒通过2种流行的库蚊属传播的可能性，如果代理商被引入北美。根据这些发现，P. ferox在巴西作为自然媒介的作用似乎不太可能，但有必要调查该物种巴西菌株的媒介效率。
Rocio encephalitis is an epidemic flaviviral infection of man first described in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, in 1975. The virus has been isolated from arthropods (Psorophora ferox) collected in nature only once and the ecology of the viral transmission cycle remains largely unknown. Rocio virus produces high level viremias (106.0-108.0 Vero [African green monkey kidney] cell plaque-forming units per ml at 48-72 h postinfection) in young chicks following s.c. inoculation of virus or the bite of a single infected mosquito. The susceptibility of a variety of mosquito species and strains to infection per os was evaluated, virus infection and transmission rates were measured, the virus content of infected mosquitoes was determined and information on the growth pattern of Rocio virus in some of the species and strains was obtained. The mosquitoes tested were classified according to vector potential by assigning them to 1 of 3 categories. Culex tarsalis from Arizona [USA] and C. pipiens pipiens from Illinois [USA] are relatively efficient experimental vectors. Both species were readily infected by feeding on infected chicks and high proportions (92 and 71%, respectively) were able to transmit virus on the 20th day of extrinsic incubation. Tennessee [USA] C. pipiens subspecies and Argentina C. pipiens quinquefasciatus are moderately efficient experimental vectors. Both strains were readily infected (94 to 98%); transmission rates were low (36 and 23%, respectively). Louisiana [USA] P. ferox and C. nigripalpus and C. (Melanoconion) opisthopus from Florida [USA] are relatively inefficient experimental vectors. Infection rates were low and/or virus did not grow to high titer in those individuals that became infected. These studies support the hypothesis that Rocio virus is a mosquito - borne arbovirus and illustrate the potential for transmission of the virus by 2 prevalent Culex spp., should the agent be introduced into North America. The role of P. ferox as a natural vector in Brazil appears less likely on the basis of these findings but there is a need to investigate the vector efficiency of Brazilian strains of this species.