Microplastics alter feeding selectivity and faecal density in the copepod, Calanus helgolandicus
Microplastics alter feeding selectivity and faecal density in the copepod, Calanus helgolandicus
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.009
复制
发表时间：
2019-10-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Lindeque, Penelope K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coppock, Rachel L.;Galloway, Tamara S.;Lindeque, Penelope K.
微塑料（1μm-5mm）是全球关注的普遍存在的海洋污染物，被多种海洋类群摄入。桡足类是海洋食物网的关键组成部分，为较高营养级提供食物来源，并在海洋营养循环中发挥重要作用。桡足类动物摄入微塑料的情况已有记录，但对于这如何影响摄食偏好和粪便密度，仍存在知识空白。在这里，我们利用浓度为 100 mL(-1) 的不同大小和形状的藻类猎物和微塑料的暴露研究来表明：（1）桡足类 Calanus helgolandicus 的猎物选择受到其所接触的微塑料和藻类的大小和形状的影响；接触尼龙纤维会导致形状相似的链形成藻类的摄入量减少 6%，而接触尼龙碎片会导致形状和大小相似的单细胞藻类的摄入量减少 8%。 (2)摄入不同密度的微塑料会改变粪便颗粒的下沉速度。含有低密度聚乙烯的粪便下沉速度明显慢于对照，而当粪便含有高密度聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯时，下沉速度增加。这些结果表明，C. helgolandicus 避免摄入与它们所接触的微塑料颗粒大小和/或形状相似的藻类，这可能是为了避免消耗塑料。 (C) 2019 年作者。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版
Microplastics (1 mu m-5 mm) are a ubiquitous marine contaminant of global concern, ingested by a wide range of marine taxa. Copepods are a key component of marine food webs, providing a source of food for higher trophic levels, and playing an important role in marine nutrient cycling. Microplastic ingestion has been documented in copepods, but knowledge gaps remain over how this affects feeding preference and faecal density. Here, we use exposure studies incorporating algal prey and microplastics of varying sizes and shapes at a concentration of 100 microplastics mL(-1) to show: (1) prey selection by the copepod Calanus helgolandicuswas affectedby the size and shape of microplastics and algae they were exposed to; Exposure to nylon fibres resulted in a 6% decrease in ingestion of similar shaped chain-forming algae, whilst exposure to nylon fragments led to an 8% decrease in ingestion of a unicellular algae that were similar in shape and size. (2) Ingestion of microplastics with different densities altered the sinking rates of faecal pellets. Faeces containing low-density polyethylene sank significantly more slowly than controls, whilst sinking rates increasedwhen faeces contained high-density polyethylene terephthalate. These results suggest that C. helgolandicus avoid ingesting algae that are similar in size and/or shape to the microplastic particles they are exposed to, potentially in a bid to avoid consuming the plastic. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.