Vertebrate Axial Patterning: From Egg to Asymmetry.
Vertebrate Axial Patterning: From Egg to Asymmetry.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-46095-6_6
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Houston DW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Houston DW
从一个对称的卵子中出现双侧胚胎体轴一直是发育生物学中一个长期存在的问题。历史和现代实验指出，最初的破坏性事件导致局部Wnt和Nodal生长因子信号传导，随后诱导和形成自我调节的背侧“组织者”。这种组织者在脊索细胞内化的位点形成，并主要表达骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）生长因子拮抗剂，其在整个胚胎中建立BMP信号传导的时空梯度，指导初始细胞分化和形态发生。虽然这个模型的基础已经知道了一段时间，许多分子和细胞的细节只是最近才被阐明，这些事件在整个脊椎动物进化过程中保持保守的程度仍然不清楚。本章总结了历史观点以及最近的分子和遗传学进展：（1）调节脊椎动物卵和早期胚胎中的破卵机制，（2）由这些事件激活的途径，特别是Wnt途径，以及这些途径在组织者的形成和功能中的作用，以及（3）这些通路如何也介导前后模式和轴向形态发生。重点放在比较方面的卵到胚胎过渡脊椎动物和它们的进化。未来的工作前景有关自组织和基因调控网络的背景下，早期轴的形成进行了讨论。
The emergence of the bilateral embryonic body axis from a symmetrical egg has been a long-standing question in developmental biology. Historical and modern experiments point to an initial symmetry-breaking event leading to localized Wnt and Nodal growth factor signaling and subsequent induction and formation of a self-regulating dorsal “organizer.” This organizer forms at the site of notochord cell internalization and expresses primarily Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) growth factor antagonists that establish a spatiotemporal gradient of BMP signaling across the embryo, directing initial cell differentiation and morphogenesis. Although the basics of this model have been known for some time, many of the molecular and cellular details have only recently been elucidated and the extent that these events remain conserved throughout vertebrate evolution remains unclear. This chapter summarizes historical perspectives as well as recent molecular and genetic advances regarding: (1) the mechanisms that regulate symmetry-breaking in the vertebrate egg and early embryo, (2) the pathways that are activated by these events, in particular the Wnt pathway, and the role of these pathways in the formation and function of the organizer, and (3) how these pathways also mediate anteroposterior patterning and axial morphogenesis. Emphasis is placed on comparative aspects of the egg-to-embryo transition across vertebrates and their evolution. The future prospects for work regarding self-organization and gene regulatory networks in the context of early axis formation are also discussed.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Becker, Klaus A.;Ghule, Prachi N.;Stein, Gary S.
通讯作者：
Stein, Gary S.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Antic D;Stubbs JL;Suyama K;Kintner C;Scott MP;Axelrod JD
通讯作者：
Axelrod JD
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Aberle, H;Bauer, A;Kemler, R
通讯作者：
Kemler, R
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Agalliu, Dritan;Takada, Shinji;Jessell, Thomas M.
通讯作者：
Jessell, Thomas M.
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
Amit, S;Hatzubai, A;Alkalay, I
通讯作者：
Alkalay, I