Promoting the experimental dialogue between working memory and chunking: Behavioral data and simulation
Promoting the experimental dialogue between working memory and chunking: Behavioral data and simulation
复制标题
促进工作记忆和组块之间的实验对话：行为数据和模拟
作者：
S. Portrat;A. Guida;Thierry Phenix;Benoît Lemaire
工作记忆（WM）是一种允许短期维护和处理信息的认知系统。传统上，在 WM 中维护信息包括排练或刷新它。分块也可以被视为一种维护机制。然而，在文献中，它更常用于解释性能，而不是在 WM 范式中明确研究。因此，本文的目的是（1）通过研究首字母缩略词在计算机控制的复杂跨度任务范式中的影响来加强 WM 和分块之间的实验对话，以及（2）在计算模型中明确地形式化这种对话。年轻人执行 WM 复杂跨度任务，其中他们必须保留一系列 7 个字母以供进一步回忆，同时执行并发位置判断任务。要记住的系列可以是随机的字母字符串，也可以是包含出现在系列中位置 1、3 或 5 的 3 个字母缩写词的字符串。数据和模拟结合在一起，可以更好地理解 WM 中发生的维护机制及其与长期记忆的相互作用。事实上，行为 WM 性能为分块的功能特征提供了证据，尤其是在 WM 复杂跨度任务中，这种基于时间的注意力机制无疑会增强 WM 性能，但也会与 WM 中的其他过程竞争。计算模拟支持并描述了这样的概念，它表明在长期记忆中搜索块涉及需要集中注意力的子过程，这些子过程本质上发生在任务的编码阶段。
Working memory (WM) is a cognitive system allowing short-term maintenance and processing of information. Maintaining information in WM consists, classically, in rehearsing or refreshing it. Chunking could also be considered as a maintenance mechanism. However, in the literature, it is more often used to explain performance than explicitly investigated within WM paradigms. Hence, the aim of the present paper was (1) to strengthen the experimental dialogue between WM and chunking, by studying the effect of acronyms in a computer-paced complex span task paradigm and (2) to formalize explicitly this dialogue within a computational model. Young adults performed a WM complex span task in which they had to maintain series of 7 letters for further recall while performing a concurrent location judgment task. The series to be remembered were either random strings of letters or strings containing a 3-letter acronym that appeared in position 1, 3, or 5 in the series. Together, the data and simulations provide a better understanding of the maintenance mechanisms taking place in WM and its interplay with long-term memory. Indeed, the behavioral WM performance lends evidence to the functional characteristics of chunking that seems to be, especially in a WM complex span task, an attentional time-based mechanism that certainly enhances WM performance but also competes with other processes at hand in WM. Computational simulations support and delineate such a conception by showing that searching for a chunk in long-term memory involves attentionally demanding subprocesses that essentially take place during the encoding phases of the task.
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Just;P. Carpenter
通讯作者：
M. Just;P. Carpenter
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.31.6.1235
发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Chen, ZJ;Cowan, N
通讯作者：
Cowan, N