Cognitive variables and depressed mood in adults with intellectual disability
Cognitive variables and depressed mood in adults with intellectual disability
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00710.x
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Benson, BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esbensen, AJ;Benson, BA
背景认知理论是认知疗法的基础。关于智障患者抑郁的认知理论和认知变量的研究很少。本研究考察了自动思维、认知三联体、绝望、归因和自尊等认知变量与抑郁的两种认知理论：Beck的认知三联体理论和抑郁的绝望理论之间的关系。他们报告了与抑郁情绪有关的认知结构。此外，对12例诊断为重度抑郁症的成人ID和12例无精神疾病诊断的ID成人进行了比较，以确定这两组人在与两种抑郁症认知理论相关的认知结构上是否存在差异。结果被考察的认知变量都在各自的认知理论预测的方向上与抑郁情绪显著相关。除了那些测量绝望和归因的工具外，大多数工具的内部一致性都很好或很好。此外，抑郁症共病组与非抑郁症组在除绝望外的其他变量上均有显著差异。结论经过充分接受性词汇筛选的成人ID能够反映抑郁情绪的主观感受和相关的认知结构。所使用的工具可能适用于这一群体，因为它们通常具有良好的内部一致性。这一结果支持了对ID患者的抑郁认知理论的进一步检验，以评估认知疗法对这一人群的适当性。文中还讨论了关于绝望的不同发现。
Background Cognitive theory forms the foundation for cognitive therapy. There has been little research on cognitive theories and cognitive variables associated with depression in individuals with intellectual disability (ID). The current study examined cognitive variables of automatic thoughts, cognitive triad, hopelessness, attributions and self-esteem associated with two cognitive theories of depression: Beck's Cognitive Triad theory and the Hopelessness theory of depression.Methods Seventy-three adults with ID screened for adequate receptive vocabulary were interviewed as part of a larger study. They reported on cognitive constructs relating to depressed mood. In addition, comparisons were made between 12 adults with ID and diagnosed major depression and a matched group of 12 adults with ID and no psychiatric diagnoses in order to determine if these groups differed on the cognitive constructs associated with the two cognitive theories of depression.Results The cognitive variables examined were all significantly correlated with depressed mood in the direction predicted by their respective cognitive theory. Internal consistencies were good or excellent for most instruments, with the exception of those measuring hopelessness and attributions. In addition, significant differences were obtained between groups of individuals with and without co-morbid major depression on all variables except for hopelessness.Conclusions The results indicate that adults with ID screened for adequate receptive vocabulary are capable of reporting on subjective feelings of depressed mood and associated cognition constructs. The instruments used may be suitable for this population as they generally possessed sound internal consistencies. The results support the further examination of cognitive theories of depression among individuals with ID in order to assess the appropriateness of cognitive therapies for this population. Discrepant findings regarding hopelessness are discussed.