A stochastically sampled IMF alters the stellar content of simulated dwarf galaxies

A stochastically sampled IMF alters the stellar content of simulated dwarf galaxies
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随机采样的 IMF 改变了模拟矮星系的恒星含量

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stz3331
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Christensen, Charlotte R.
Christensen, Charlotte R.
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Applebaum, Elaad;Brooks, Alyson M.;Quinn, Thomas R.;Christensen, Charlotte R.

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宇宙学模拟正达到研究超暗矮星系所需的分辨率。观测表明,在小种群中,恒星初始质量函数(IMF)并没有完全填充;相反,恒星的采样方式可以近似为来自潜在的概率密度函数。为了确保宇宙学模拟的准确性,在超微弱的制度,我们提出了一个改进的治疗IMF。我们实现了一个自洽的,随机填充IMF在宇宙流体动力学模拟。我们测试我们的方法使用高分辨率模拟银河系晕,运行toz= 6,产生近100个星系的样本。我们还使用一个孤立的矮星系来研究星系性质的系统差异。我们发现,一个随机IMF的模拟,使反馈爆发,加强反馈,淬火星星形成早在小矮星系。对于质量为108.5M的晕星系,随机IMF通常会导致比连续IMF更低的恒星质量,有时会超过一个数量级。我们表明,现有的方法,确保离散超新星不正确地确定质量的星星粒子及其相关的反馈。这导致周围气体的过冷,星星的形成至少增加10%,冷气体含量增加30%。展望未来,为了准确地模拟矮星系并与观测结果进行比较,将有必要纳入一个随机填充的IMF,该IMF对恒星质量的全光谱进行采样。
Cosmological simulations are reaching the resolution necessary to study ultra-faint dwarf galaxies. Observations indicate that in small populations, the stellar initial mass function (IMF) is not fully populated; rather, stars are sampled in a way that can be approximated as coming from an underlying probability density function. To ensure the accuracy of cosmological simulations in the ultra-faint regime, we present an improved treatment of the IMF. We implement a self-consistent, stochastically populated IMF in cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. We test our method using high-resolution simulations of a Milky Way halo, run toz= 6, yielding a sample of nearly 100 galaxies. We also use an isolated dwarf galaxy to investigate the resulting systematic differences in galaxy properties. We find that a stochastic IMF in simulations makes feedback burstier, strengthening feedback, and quenching star formation earlier in small dwarf galaxies. For galaxies in haloes with mass ≲ 108.5M⊙, a stochastic IMF typically leads to lower stellar mass compared to a continuous IMF, sometimes by more than an order of magnitude. We show that existing methods of ensuring discrete supernovae incorrectly determine the mass of the star particle and its associated feedback. This leads to overcooling of surrounding gas, with at least ∼10 per cent higher star formation and ∼30 per cent higher cold gas content. Going forwards, to accurately model dwarf galaxies and compare to observations, it will be necessary to incorporate a stochastically populated IMF that samples the full spectrum of stellar masses.
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