Mitigating Plague Risk in Utah Prairie Dogs: Evaluation of a Systemic Flea-Control Product
Mitigating Plague Risk in Utah Prairie Dogs: Evaluation of a Systemic Flea-Control Product
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DOI：
10.1002/wsb.107
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Gompper, Matthew E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jachowski, David S.;Brown, Nathanael L.;Gompper, Matthew E.
鼠疫是由鼠疫耶尔森氏菌引起的疾病，是犹他州草原土拨鼠（Cynomys parvidens）的主要威胁。跳蚤是鼠疫的主要传播媒介，控制跳蚤可以阻止鼠疫流行病的传播，增加犹他州草原土拨鼠的存活率。我们评价了一种新开发的粮食诱饵杀虫剂处理的活性成分吡虫啉。2009年，我们在4个研究中心的每个研究中心的给药地块中进行了单次产品给药，并每月从给药和对照地块上捕获的犹他州草原犬鼠中采集跳蚤样本。我们观察到的结果喜忧参半;该产品通常在某些地点有效减少草原土拨鼠身上的跳蚤流行率、数量和强度，而在其他地点无效，并且在一个地点内的有效性随时间而变化。2010年，我们将处理地块上的诱饵量增加了一倍，但我们仍然没有观察到草原土拨鼠上跳蚤流行率、丰度和强度的持续下降。在我们评估的施用率下，吡虫啉产品在控制犹他州草原犬鼠上的跳蚤方面可能不如更常用的含有溴氰菊酯的局部杀虫剂有效。但是，管理人员还应考虑重复使用单一跳蚤控制产品后跳蚤物种产生抗药性的风险。此外，由于我们在犹他州草原犬鼠身上观察到的跳蚤物种多样性高于预期（8），未来的工作应该进行调查其他哺乳动物宿主物种如何介导跳蚤种群动态、鼠疫生态学和跳蚤管理方法的结果。(C)2012年野生动物协会。
Plague, the disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, is a major threat to the Utah prairie dog (Cynomys parvidens), a species listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Fleas are the primary vectors of plague, and flea control can stop the spread of plague epizootics and increase Utah prairie dog survival. We evaluated a newly developed grain-bait insecticide treated with the active ingredient imidacloprid. In 2009, we conducted a single application of the product in treatment plots within each of 4 study sites and sampled fleas from captured Utah prairie dogs on treatment and control plots at monthly intervals. We observed mixed results; the product generally was effective at reducing flea prevalence, abundance, and intensity on prairie dogs at some sites and not at others, and the effectiveness within a site varied over time. In 2010, we doubled the amount of bait on treatment plots, yet we still failed to observe a consistent decline in flea prevalence, abundance, and intensity on prairie dogs. At the application rates we evaluated, the imidacloprid product is likely not as effective at controlling fleas on Utah prairie dogs as the more commonly used topical insecticide containing deltamethrin. However, managers should also consider the risk of flea species developing resistance following the repeated application of a single flea-control product. Furthermore, because we observed a higher than expected diversity of flea species (8) on Utah prairie dogs, future work should be undertaken to investigate how other mammalian host species might mediate flea population dynamics, plague ecology, and the outcome of flea management approaches. (C) 2012 The Wildlife Society.