Chemical teratogenesis in humans: biochemical and molecular mechanisms.
Chemical teratogenesis in humans: biochemical and molecular mechanisms.
复制标题
人类化学致畸：生化和分子机制。
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-0348-8863-9_2
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Juchau,MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Juchau,MR
1993年，药物研究进展发表了一篇关于化学品对人类和其他脊椎动物的致畸/胚胎毒性作用的机制的综述[1]，并涵盖了截至1992年的文献。自1992年以来，在理解化学物质能够导致出生缺陷的生化和分子机制方面取得了重大进展，这是孕期接触这种化学物质的结果。因此，这些进展证明这项审查是合理的，因此，审查将主要侧重于自1992年以来发表并一直延续到1996年的研究。重点将放在那些目前经常被认为能够产生人类先天缺陷(“已确定的”或“公认的”人类致畸物质)的化学物质/化学物质类。通常被认为是已确定的人类致畸物质的大多数化学品(表1和表2)是异生物质，即不被参比生物体用作营养物质、对参比生物体维持正常生理/生化功能和动态平衡不是必需的外源化学品，也不构成参比生物体在正常中间代谢中从营养化学品合成的常规化学物质的一部分。因此，这类外来化学物质也常常被归类为“外来”。
In 1993,Progress in Drug Researchpublished a review dealing with mechanisms of teratogenic/embryotoxic effects of chemicals on humans and other vertebrates [1] and covering the literature through 1992. Since 1992, significant strides have been made in understanding the biochemical and molecular mechanisms whereby chemicals are capable of eliciting birth defects as the result of prenatal exposure of conceptuses to such chemicals. These strides thus justify this review, which accordingly will focus primarily on research published since 1992 and extending through 1996. Emphasis will be directed toward those chemicals/chemical classes that are frequently regarded at present [1–5] as capable of producing birth defects in humans (“established” or “recognized” human teratogens). Most of the chemicals commonly regarded as established human teratogens (Tables 1 and 2) are xenobiotics, i.e., exogenous chemicals that are not utilized by the reference organism as nutrient materials, are not essential to the reference organism for maintenance of normal physiologic/biochemical function and homeostasis, and do not constitute a part of the conventional array of chemicals synthesized from nutrient chemicals by the reference organism in normal intermediary metabolism. Such xenobiotic chemicals are thus also often classified as “foreign”.