Faciotopy-A face-feature map with face-like topology in the human occipital face area.
Faciotopy-A face-feature map with face-like topology in the human occipital face area.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2015.06.030
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发表时间：
2015-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kriegeskorte N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henriksson L;Mur M;Kriegeskorte N
枕面部区域（OFA）和梭状面部区域（FFA）被认为是专门用于面部感知的大脑区域。然而，其内在的功能组织和状态，具有明确的边界的皮质区仍然不清楚。在这里，我们测试这些地区的“faciotopy”，一个特定的假设，其内在的功能组织。面部区域将包含皮质表面上的面部特征图，其中皮质斑块表示面部特征，并且相邻斑块表示面部中物理相邻的特征。人脸区域可能是从视网膜定位的原始地图发展而来，并通过自然的视觉经验获得对人脸特征的选择性，这一观点激发了faciotopy假说。面孔具有典型的特征配置，通常以规范的直立方向感知，并且经常固定在特定位置。为了检验faciotopy假说，我们提出了孤立的面部特征的功能性磁共振成像过程中固定的主题的图像。在V1的反应最好的解释低级别的图像属性的刺激。OFA和FFA在较小程度上显示了面部组织的证据。当为每个面部特征估计单个皮层块时，特征块之间的皮层距离反映了面部特征之间的物理距离。据我们所知，面容映射是第一个反映拓扑结构的皮层地图的例子，它不是反映有机体本身的一部分（视网膜映射是视网膜，躯体映射是躯体），而是反映具有特殊知觉意义的外部物体。
The occipital face area (OFA) and fusiform face area (FFA) are brain regions thought to be specialized for face perception. However, their intrinsic functional organization and status as cortical areas with well-defined boundaries remains unclear. Here we test these regions for “faciotopy”, a particular hypothesis about their intrinsic functional organisation. A faciotopic area would contain a face-feature map on the cortical surface, where cortical patches represent face features and neighbouring patches represent features that are physically neighbouring in a face. The faciotopy hypothesis is motivated by the idea that face regions might develop from a retinotopic protomap and acquire their selectivity for face features through natural visual experience. Faces have a prototypical configuration of features, are usually perceived in a canonical upright orientation, and are frequently fixated in particular locations. To test the faciotopy hypothesis, we presented images of isolated face features at fixation to subjects during functional magnetic resonance imaging. The responses in V1 were best explained by low-level image properties of the stimuli. OFA, and to a lesser degree FFA, showed evidence for faciotopic organization. When a single patch of cortex was estimated for each face feature, the cortical distances between the feature patches reflected the physical distance between the features in a face. Faciotopy would be the first example, to our knowledge, of a cortical map reflecting the topology, not of a part of the organism itself (its retina in retinotopy, its body in somatotopy), but of an external object of particular perceptual significance.