Multiple activities of the plant pathogen type III effector proteins WtsE and AvrE require WxxxE motifs.
Multiple activities of the plant pathogen type III effector proteins WtsE and AvrE require WxxxE motifs.
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DOI：
10.1094/mpmi-22-6-0703
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发表时间：
2009-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Coplin DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ham JH;Majerczak DR;Nomura K;Mecey C;Uribe F;He SY;Mackey D;Coplin DL
来自革兰氏阴性植物病原菌的广泛保守的III型效应子AvrE家族包括重要的毒力因子，但对这些效应子在植物细胞内发挥作用以促进疾病的机制知之甚少。我们已经确定了AvrE家族效应子中的两个保守基序：WxxxE基序和推定的C-末端内质网膜保留/检索信号（ERMRS）。WxxxE和ERMRS基序是玉米病原菌Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii和番茄/拟南芥病原体假单胞菌pv.番茄，分别。WxxxE和预测的ERMRS基序也是WtsE的其他生物活性所必需的，包括在非宿主植物中引起过敏反应和抑制拟南芥中的防御反应。来自哺乳动物细菌病原体的III型效应子家族需要WxxxE和亚细胞靶向基序用于毒力功能，所述毒力功能涉及它们模拟活化的G蛋白的能力。相关基序的保守性及其对植物病原体III型效应子功能的必要性表明，通过模仿活化的宿主G蛋白来干扰宿主途径可能也是植物病原体采用的毒力机制。
The broadly conserved AvrE-family of type III effectors from Gram-negative plant pathogenic bacteria includes important virulence factors, yet little is known about the mechanisms by which these effectors function inside plant cells to promote disease. We have identified two conserved motifs in AvrE-family effectors: a WxxxE motif and a putative C-terminal endoplasmic reticulum membrane retention/retrieval signal (ERMRS). The WxxxE and ERMRS motifs are both required for the virulence activities of WtsE and AvrE1, which are major virulence factors of the corn pathogen Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii and the tomato/Arabidopsis pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, respectively. The WxxxE and the predicted ERMRS motifs are also required for other biological activities of WtsE, including elicitation of the hypersensitive response in nonhost plants and suppression of defense responses in Arabidopsis. A family of type III effectors from mammalian bacterial pathogens requires WxxxE and sub-cellular targeting motifs for virulence functions that involve their ability to mimic activated G-proteins. The conservation of related motifs and their necessity for the function of type III effectors from plant pathogens indicates that disturbing host pathways by mimicking activated host G-proteins may be a virulence mechanism employed by plant pathogens as well.