RNA-viromics reveals diverse communities of soil RNA viruses with the potential to affect grassland ecosystems across multiple trophic levels.
RNA-viromics reveals diverse communities of soil RNA viruses with the potential to affect grassland ecosystems across multiple trophic levels.
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DOI：
10.1038/s43705-022-00110-x
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McDonald JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hillary LS;Adriaenssens EM;Jones DL;McDonald JE
RNA病毒在土壤生态系统中的分布和多样性在很大程度上是未知的，尽管它们对公共卫生，生态系统功能和粮食安全有着重要影响。在这里，我们将土壤RNA病毒群落沿着一个垂直生产力梯度的泥炭，管理草原和沿海土壤。我们确定了3462病毒重叠群的RNA病毒组从纯化的病毒样颗粒在5种土壤类型，并评估其空间分布，系统发育多样性和潜在的主机范围。土壤类型在病毒群落组成方面表现出最小的相似性，但与泥炭或沿海土壤相比，管理的草原土壤之间共享的病毒重叠群多10倍。系统发育分析预测土壤RNA病毒群落是由细菌、植物、真菌、脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的病毒形成的，只有12%的病毒重叠群属于细菌感染的Leviviricularis类。发现11%的病毒重叠群与Ourmiavirus属的成员最密切相关，这表明植物病毒的这一分支的成员可能比以前认为的更广泛地分布和多样性。这些结果与通常由噬菌体主导的土壤DNA病毒组形成对比。因此，RNA病毒群落有可能对陆地生物群落中的界间相互作用产生影响。
The distribution and diversity of RNA viruses in soil ecosystems are largely unknown, despite their significant impact on public health, ecosystem functions, and food security. Here, we characterise soil RNA viral communities along an altitudinal productivity gradient of peat, managed grassland and coastal soils. We identified 3462 viral contigs in RNA viromes from purified virus-like-particles in five soil-types and assessed their spatial distribution, phylogenetic diversity and potential host ranges. Soil types exhibited minimal similarity in viral community composition, but with >10-fold more viral contigs shared between managed grassland soils when compared with peat or coastal soils. Phylogenetic analyses predicted soil RNA viral communities are formed from viruses of bacteria, plants, fungi, vertebrates and invertebrates, with only 12% of viral contigs belonging to the bacteria-infecting Leviviricetes class. 11% of viral contigs were found to be most closely related to members of the Ourmiavirus genus, suggesting that members of this clade of plant viruses may be far more widely distributed and diverse than previously thought. These results contrast with soil DNA viromes which are typically dominated by bacteriophages. RNA viral communities, therefore, have the potential to exert influence on inter-kingdom interactions across terrestrial biomes.