The leaf angle distribution of natural plant populations: assessing the canopy with a novel software tool.
The leaf angle distribution of natural plant populations: assessing the canopy with a novel software tool.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13007-015-0052-z
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Rascher U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Müller-Linow M;Pinto-Espinosa F;Scharr H;Rascher U
三维的树冠形成复杂的结构，在时间和空间上不断变化的叶片方向。冠层结构的变化与冠层功能有关，它们发生在遗传变异的范围内，也是对环境因素如光、水和营养供应以及压力的反应。一个重要的关键措施来表征这些结构特性是叶片的角度分布，这反过来又需要知识的三维单叶表面。尽管有大量的三维传感器和方法，但只有少数系统可用于植物和自然冠层的快速和常规测量。一种合适的方法是立体成像，其结合了深度和颜色信息，允许容易地分割绿色叶材料和提取植物性状，例如叶角度分布。我们开发了一个软件包，它提供的工具，通过从立体图像的三维重建的叶片表面特性的量化在自然冠层。我们的方法包括一个半自动的选择过程中的单叶片和不同的模式，通过多边形平滑或表面模型拟合的表面表征。基于所得到的表面网格，在整个叶片水平上或从局部导数计算叶片角度统计。我们包括一个案例研究，以证明我们的软件的功能。为了研究季节、基因型和施肥对甜菜叶角分布的影响，对48张甜菜小群体（4个品种）的图像进行了叶角分布分析。我们可以表明，叶角分布在整个季节的过程中变化，所有品种具有可比的发展。此外，不同品种的叶片角度取向不同，主成分分析可以将其分离出来。而氮素处理对叶片角度无影响。我们表明，一个立体成像设置连同适当的图像处理工具是能够检索的几何叶片表面的植物和冠层的属性。我们的软件包提供了全叶统计数据，但也有一个局部估计的叶角，这可能有很大的潜力，以更好地了解和量化结构冠层性状的指导育种和优化作物管理。
Three-dimensional canopies form complex architectures with temporally and spatially changing leaf orientations. Variations in canopy structure are linked to canopy function and they occur within the scope of genetic variability as well as a reaction to environmental factors like light, water and nutrient supply, and stress. An important key measure to characterize these structural properties is the leaf angle distribution, which in turn requires knowledge on the 3-dimensional single leaf surface. Despite a large number of 3-d sensors and methods only a few systems are applicable for fast and routine measurements in plants and natural canopies. A suitable approach is stereo imaging, which combines depth and color information that allows for easy segmentation of green leaf material and the extraction of plant traits, such as leaf angle distribution. We developed a software package, which provides tools for the quantification of leaf surface properties within natural canopies via 3-d reconstruction from stereo images. Our approach includes a semi-automatic selection process of single leaves and different modes of surface characterization via polygon smoothing or surface model fitting. Based on the resulting surface meshes leaf angle statistics are computed on the whole-leaf level or from local derivations. We include a case study to demonstrate the functionality of our software. 48 images of small sugar beet populations (4 varieties) have been analyzed on the base of their leaf angle distribution in order to investigate seasonal, genotypic and fertilization effects on leaf angle distributions. We could show that leaf angle distributions change during the course of the season with all varieties having a comparable development. Additionally, different varieties had different leaf angle orientation that could be separated in principle component analysis. In contrast nitrogen treatment had no effect on leaf angles. We show that a stereo imaging setup together with the appropriate image processing tools is capable of retrieving the geometric leaf surface properties of plants and canopies. Our software package provides whole-leaf statistics but also a local estimation of leaf angles, which may have great potential to better understand and quantify structural canopy traits for guided breeding and optimized crop management.
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DOI：
10.1109/tpami.2003.1217603
发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
23.6
作者：
Brown, MZ;Burschka, D;Hager, GD
通讯作者：
Hager, GD
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Fusiello, A;Trucco, E;Verri, A
通讯作者：
Verri, A
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Ford, E. David;Cocke, Allison;Van Volkenburgh, Elizabeth
通讯作者：
Van Volkenburgh, Elizabeth
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Bawhey, CI;Grant, RH;Gao, W
通讯作者：
Gao, W
DOI：
10.3390/s120101052
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bellasio C;Olejníčková J;Tesař R;Sebela D;Nedbal L
通讯作者：
Nedbal L