Fear of COVID-19 Scale-Associations of Its Scores with Health Literacy and Health-Related Behaviors among Medical Students
Fear of COVID-19 Scale-Associations of Its Scores with Health Literacy and Health-Related Behaviors among Medical Students
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17114164
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tuyen Van Duong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nguyen, Hiep T.;Do, Binh N.;Tuyen Van Duong
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行引起恐惧，因为它对公众造成的直接后果给教育和医疗保健系统带来了前所未有的挑战。我们的目的是验证COVID-19恐惧量表（FCoV-19S），并检查其得分与医学生健康素养和健康相关行为的关系。2020年4月7日至29日，对越南8所大学的5423名学生进行了一项横断面研究，其中包括北部的5所大学、中部的1所大学和南部的2所大学。使用在线调查问卷收集参与者的特征、健康素养、使用FCoV-19S对COVID-19的恐惧以及与健康相关的行为的数据。结果表明，FCoV-19S的7个条目强烈加载在一个分量上，解释了62.15%的方差，具有较好的项目量表收敛效度和较高的内部一致性（Cronbach’s alpha = 0.90）。较高的健康素养与较低的FCoV-19S评分相关（系数B， -0.06； 95%置信区间，95% ci, -0.08, -0.04; p < 0.001）。年龄较大或上一学年，是男性，以及有能力支付药物与较低的FCoV-19S分数有关。与FCoV-19S得分较低的学生相比，FCoV-19S得分较高的学生更有可能在大流行期间保持不变或更高水平的吸烟（优势比，OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.08, 1.14; p < 0.001）或饮酒（OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02, 1.06; p < 0.001）。综上所述，FCoV-19S筛查新冠病毒恐惧是有效可靠的。健康素养被发现可以保护医学生免受恐惧。吸烟和饮酒似乎对COVID-19的恐惧有负面影响。需要采取战略性公共卫生措施，在大流行期间减少恐惧并促进健康的生活方式。
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic causes fear, as its immediate consequences for the public have produced unprecedented challenges for the education and healthcare systems. We aimed to validate the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCoV-19S) and examine the association of its scores with health literacy and health-related behaviors among medical students. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 7 to 29 April 2020 on 5423 students at eight universities across Vietnam, including five universities in the North, one university in the Center, two universities in the South. An online survey questionnaire was used to collect data on participants' characteristics, health literacy, fear of COVID-19 using the FCoV-19S, and health-related behaviors. The results showed that seven items of the FCoV-19S strongly loaded on one component, explained 62.15% of the variance, with good item-scale convergent validity and high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90). Higher health literacy was associated with lower FCoV-19S scores (coefficient, B, -0.06; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI, -0.08, -0.04; p < 0.001). Older age or last academic years, being men, and being able to pay for medication were associated with lower FCoV-19S scores. Students with higher FCoV-19S scores more likely kept smoking (odds ratio, OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.08, 1.14; p < 0.001) or drinking alcohol (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02, 1.06; p < 0.001) at an unchanged or higher level during the pandemic, as compared to students with lower FCoV-19S scores. In conclusion, the FCoV-19S is valid and reliable in screening for fear of COVID-19. Health literacy was found to protect medical students from fear. Smoking and drinking appeared to have a negative impact on fear of COVID-19. Strategic public health approaches are required to reduce fear and promote healthy lifestyles during the pandemic.