Can epigenetics shine a light on the biological pathways underlying major mental disorders?
Can epigenetics shine a light on the biological pathways underlying major mental disorders?
复制标题
表观遗传学能揭示主要精神障碍的生物学途径吗？
DOI：
10.1017/s0033291721005559
复制
发表时间：
2022-07
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Forti, Marta Di
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alameda, Luis;Trotta, Giulia;Quigley, Harriet;Rodriguez, Victoria;Gadelrab, Romayne;Dwir, Daniella;Dempster, Emma;Wong, Chloe C. Y.;Forti, Marta Di
全球疾病负担的很大一部分可归因于精神疾病。尽管在确定精神健康状况的风险因素方面取得了重要进展，但对疾病发作的因果途径的生物处理仍然知之甚少。这代表了实施有效预防和开发新型药物治疗的限制。表观遗传机制已成为环境和遗传风险因素的媒介，这些因素可能在疾病发作中发挥作用，包括儿童期逆境（CA）和大麻使用（CU）。特别地，探索DNA甲基化的人类研究为涉及精神疾病的病因-发病机制的生物学途径的作用提供了新的和有希望的见解，包括：单胺能（血清素和多巴胺）、GABA能、谷氨酸能、神经发生、炎症和免疫反应以及氧化应激。虽然这些表观遗传变化经常被研究为疾病特异性，但与环境风险因素的研究类似，它们通常是transdiagnosis。因此，我们的目的是回顾现有的文献DNA甲基化从人类研究的精神疾病（i），以确定表观遗传修饰映射到生物途径，无论是transdiagnotic或具体相关的精神疾病，如进食障碍，创伤后应激障碍，双相和精神障碍，抑郁症，自闭症谱系障碍和焦虑症，和（ii）调查这些表观遗传修饰与暴露于已知的精神疾病风险因素（如CA和CU）以及精神病学研究中的其他表观遗传混杂因素之间的一致性。
A significant proportion of the global burden of disease can be attributed to mental illness. Despite important advances in identifying risk factors for mental health conditions, the biological processing underlying causal pathways to disease onset remain poorly understood. This represents a limitation to implement effective prevention and the development of novel pharmacological treatments. Epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as mediators of environmental and genetic risk factors which might play a role in disease onset, including childhood adversity (CA) and cannabis use (CU). Particularly, human research exploring DNA methylation has provided new and promising insights into the role of biological pathways implicated in the aetio-pathogenesis of psychiatric conditions, including: monoaminergic (Serotonin and Dopamine), GABAergic, glutamatergic, neurogenesis, inflammatory and immune response and oxidative stress. While these epigenetic changes have been often studied as disease-specific, similarly to the investigation of environmental risk factors, they are often transdiagnostic. Therefore, we aim to review the existing literature on DNA methylation from human studies of psychiatric diseases (i) to identify epigenetic modifications mapping onto biological pathways either transdiagnostically or specifically related to psychiatric diseases such as Eating Disorders, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Bipolar and Psychotic Disorder, Depression, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Anxiety Disorder, and (ii) to investigate a convergence between some of these epigenetic modifications and the exposure to known risk factors for psychiatric disorders such as CA and CU, as well as to other epigenetic confounders in psychiatry research.
幼稚的精神分裂症患者中5-羟色胺转运蛋白基因启动子的DNA高甲基化。
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Abdolmaleky HM;Nohesara S;Ghadirivasfi M;Lambert AW;Ahmadkhaniha H;Ozturk S;Wong CK;Shafa R;Mostafavi A;Thiagalingam S
通讯作者：
Thiagalingam S