Unmet Needs and Resilience: The Case of Vulnerable and Marginalized Populations in Nairobi's Informal Settlements
Unmet Needs and Resilience: The Case of Vulnerable and Marginalized Populations in Nairobi's Informal Settlements
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DOI：
10.3390/su15010037
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发表时间：
2023-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Mberu, Blessing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chumo, Ivy;Kabaria, Caroline;Mberu, Blessing
在非正规住区及其居民中催化变革和促进可持续城市需要了解边缘化和弱势群体未满足的需求和复原力。这是因为，代表MVGs确定为“未满足”的需求有时并不被视为未满足，甚至“可满足”，MVGs往往认为自上而下的复原力战略不合适。据我们所知，没有研究使用治理日记来确定MVGs未满足的需求和弹性策略。因此，这项研究探讨了未满足的需求和复原力的MVGs在非正式住区使用治理日记的战略。这是一项使用治理日记的定性研究，有来自肯尼亚内罗毕两个非正规住区的24名参与者。我们使用马斯洛的需求层次进行框架分析。我们确定了未满足的需求与生理，安全，爱和归属感，自尊，在层次结构的顺序。MVG不需要完全满足较低的需求，渴望更高的需求，尽管他们的需求没有得到满足，但他们仍然继续生活。然而，没有自我实现的需求，因为参与者不能满足较低层次的需求。城市悖论提醒我们，城市并不总是对所有人都有利。仍然需要采取整体办法，以发现往往隐藏的复原力战略，以实现未满足的需求。我们的研究确定了行为和认知弹性策略。因此，各行为体需要接受和利用地方复原力战略，努力解决MVGs在非洲追求包容性城市化过程中未得到满足的需求。查明未满足的需求和复原力战略，增加了关于居民和MVG如何以及为什么在缺乏或不充分的基本设施的情况下继续在非正规住区工作和生活的文献、政策和实践。我们的研究结果表明，非正规住区的行为者需要建立和重建当地的复原力战略，以追求非洲包容性和宜居的城市化，因为未满足的需求往往会随着边缘化和脆弱性状况的恶化而增加。除了MVGs采取的复原力战略外，政府、服务提供者和护理人员还应采取更有用的行动，以预防或减少未满足的需求。
Catalyzing change and promoting sustainable cities in informal settlements and their residents requires an understanding of unmet needs and resilience among marginalized and vulnerable groups (MVGs). This is because needs identified on behalf of MVGs as "unmet" are sometimes not perceived as unmet, or even "meetable", and resilience strategies from above are often perceived as unsuitable by the MVGs. To the best of our knowledge, no study has used governance diaries to identify the unmet needs and resilience strategies of MVGs from their perspectives. As such, this study explored the unmet needs and resilience strategies of MVGs in informal settlements using governance diaries. This was a qualitative study using governance diaries with 24 participants from two informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. We used Maslow's hierarchy of needs for the framework analysis. We identified unmet needs related to physiology, safety, love and belonging, and self-esteem, in the order of the hierarchy. MVGs did not need the full satisfaction of a lower need to yearn for a higher one, and continue living despite their unmet needs. However, there were no self-actualization needs as the participants could not satisfy the lower level needs. The urban paradox reminds us that cities are not always beneficial for all. There is a continued need for holistic approaches to uncover the often hidden resilience strategies for achieving unmet needs. Our study identified behavioural and cognitive resilience strategies. As such, actors need to embrace and build on local resilience strategies in efforts to address the unmet needs of MVGs in pursuit of inclusive urbanization in Africa. The identification of unmet needs and resilience strategies adds to the literature, policy and practice on how and why residents and MVGs continue working and living in informal settlements despite a lack of or inadequate basic amenities. Our study findings imply that actors in informal settlements need to build on and re-build local resilience strategies in pursuit of inclusive and liveable urbanization in Africa, as unmet needs tend to increase with worsened marginality and vulnerability status. Beyond the resilience strategies adopted by MVGs, governments, service providers and caregivers should take more useful actions to prevent or reduce unmet needs.