The placenta harbors a unique microbiome.
The placenta harbors a unique microbiome.
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DOI：
10.1126/scitranslmed.3008599
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发表时间：
2014-05-21
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Versalovic J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aagaard K;Ma J;Antony KM;Ganu R;Petrosino J;Versalovic J
人类及其微生物群作为一个生理群落共同进化，该群落由具有代谢和抗原多样性的不同身体部位生态位组成。尽管最近有研究表明细胞内细菌具有多种代谢和免疫调节功能，但胎盘微生物组尚未得到深入研究。我们建立了一个基于人群的胎盘样本队列，这些样本是在无菌条件下从320名具有丰富临床数据的受试者中收集的，用于基于16S核糖体DNA和全基因组鸟枪法（WGS）宏基因组学的比较研究。将所鉴定的分类群及其基因携带模式与其他人体部位生态位进行了比较，包括来自非怀孕对照组的口腔、皮肤、呼吸道（鼻腔）、阴道和肠道微生物组。我们描述了一个独特的胎盘微生物组生态位，它由来自厚壁菌门、软壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门和梭杆菌门的非致病性共生微生物群组成。总体而言，胎盘微生物组的特征与人类口腔微生物组最为相似（布雷 - 柯蒂斯相异度<0.3）。基于16S的操作分类单元分析显示，胎盘微生物组与产前感染的既往病史（置换多元方差分析，P = 0.006）有关，例如孕早期的尿路感染，以及与早产（<37周）有关（P = 0.001）。
Humans and their microbiomes have coevolved as a physiologic community composed of distinct body site niches with metabolic and antigenic diversity. The placental microbiome has not been robustly interrogated, despite recent demonstrations of intracellular bacteria with diverse metabolic and immune regulatory functions. A population-based cohort of placental specimens collected under sterile conditions from 320 subjects with extensive clinical data was established for comparative 16S ribosomal DNA–based and whole-genome shotgun (WGS) metagenomic studies. Identified taxa and their gene carriage patterns were compared to other human body site niches, including the oral, skin, airway (nasal), vaginal, and gut microbiomes from nonpregnant controls. We characterized a unique placental microbiome niche, composed of nonpathogenic commensal microbiota from the Firmicutes, Tenericutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria phyla. In aggregate, the placental microbiome profiles were most akin (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity <0.3) to the human oral microbiome. 16S-based operational taxonomic unit analyses revealed associations of the placental microbiome with a remote history of antenatal infection (permutational multivariate analysis of variance, P = 0.006), such as urinary tract infection in the first trimester, as well as with preterm birth <37 weeks (P = 0.001).