Microvascular coronary dysfunction in women: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.
Microvascular coronary dysfunction in women: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2011.05.002
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发表时间:
2011-08
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Bairey, C. Noel
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kothawade, Kamlesh;Bairey, C. Noel
Women exhibit a greater symptom burden, more functional disability, and a higher prevalence of no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to men when evaluated for signs and symptoms of myocardial ischemia. Microvascular Coronary Dysfunction (MCD) defined as limited coronary flow reserve (CFR) and/or coronary endothelial dysfunction is the predominant etiological mechanism of ischemia in women with the triad of persistent chest pain, no obstructive CAD, and ischemia evidenced by stress testing. Evidence shows that approximately 50% of these patients have physiologic evidence of MCD. MCD is associated with a 2.5% annual major adverse event rate that includes death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke and congestive heart failure. Although tests such as adenosine stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) may be a useful non-invasive method to predict subendocardial ischemia, the gold standard test to diagnose MCD is an invasive Coronary Reactivity Testing (CRT). Early identification of MCD by CRT may be beneficial in prognostication and stratifying these patients for optimal medical therapy. Currently, understanding of MCD pathophysiology can be used to guide diagnosis and therapy. Continued research in MCD is needed to further advance our understanding.
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作者:
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通讯作者:
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