Ecosystem impacts of folivory and frugivory by Japanese macaques in two temperate forests in Yakushima
Ecosystem impacts of folivory and frugivory by Japanese macaques in two temperate forests in Yakushima
复制标题
屋久岛两片温带森林中日本猕猴的叶食和果食对生态系统的影响
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22253
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Agetsuma N & Chapman C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hanya G;Fuse M;Aiba S;Takafumi H;Tsujino R;Agetsuma N & Chapman C
将动物消费与植物初级生产相比较，提供了一种评估动物对生态系统的影响和评估资源限制的手段。在这里，我们比较了日本猕猴（Macaca fuscata）每年的水果和树叶消费量相对于这些食物在低地和高地的屋久岛，日本的年产量。我们估计消费的猕猴直接观察猕猴群体1年，在每个栖息地。我们估计叶生产的总和凋落叶（校正的影响，易位的有机和无机物质）和食叶昆虫（假设为10%）和猕猴。我们将水果产量估计为水果落叶量与鸟类（通过种子掉落量估计）和猕猴消耗量的总和。猕猴食叶性在群落水平的影响是微不足道的，相对于生产（10.04%）相比，昆虫食叶性（假设为10%），然而，对于某些物种，猕猴食叶性达到10.1%的生产。猕猴喂养的树种在13年的丰富度并没有下降，这表明它们的食叶性并没有影响树种动态。对于高原地区的三种主要肉质水果物种，猕猴消耗了总水果产量的相当大一部分（6-40%），与鸟类的消耗量（32-75%）相媲美。我们的结论是，在社区水平上，猕猴食叶动物是可以忽略不计的叶生产相比，但食果动物不是。Am. J. Primatol. 76：596-607，2014年。© 2013威利期刊公司.
Comparing animal consumption to plant primary production provides a means of assessing an animal's impact on the ecosystem and an evaluation of resource limitation. Here, we compared annual fruit and leaf consumption by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) relative to the annual production of these foods in the lowlands and highlands of Yakushima Island, Japan. We estimated consumption by macaques by the direct observation of macaque groups for 1 year in each habitat. We estimated leaf production as the sum of leaf litter fall (corrected for the effect of translocated organic and inorganic matter) and folivory by insects (assumed to be 10%) and by macaques. We estimated fruit production as the sum of fruit litter fall and consumption by birds (estimated by the seed fall) and macaques. The impact of macaque folivory at the community level was negligible relative to production (∼0.04%) compared with folivory by insects (assumed to be 10%); however, for some species, macaque folivory reached up to 10.1% of production. Tree species on which macaques fed did not decline in abundance over 13 years, suggesting that their folivory did not influence tree species dynamics. For the three major fleshy‐fruited species in the highland site, macaques consumed a considerable portion of total fruit production (6–40%), rivaling the consumption by birds (32–75%). We conclude that at the community level, macaque folivory was negligible compared with the leaf production, but frugivory was not. Am. J. Primatol. 76:596–607, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.