Viral hepatitis: new clinical, epidemiological and immunological concepts.
Viral hepatitis: new clinical, epidemiological and immunological concepts.
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病毒性肝炎：新的临床、流行病学和免疫学概念。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1970
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Krugman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Krugman
在撰写本文时，记忆中最动荡的学年即将结束。人们感觉到，由于最近几周的极端情绪紧张，教师和学生都精疲力竭，甚至四肢无力。现在评估可能取得的成果或可能被破坏的成果还为时过早。奇怪的是，也许不可避免的是，为了抗议偏见、偏执甚至暴力而采取的行动似乎在其后果中留下了更少而不是更多的此类事件。对抗变成了集会和宣讲会。结果是加强了沟通和理解，而不是相反。现在学生行动似乎正在形成一种新的态度和新的方法。在撰写本文时，似乎大多数学生（而不仅仅是少数）都被唤醒并寻求参与和采取行动。这个新的多数派显然得出的结论是，抗议、对抗甚至暴力的外部压力并没有非常有效地实现所寻求的变革，而且他们似乎也对以暴力抗议暴力或镇压的不合逻辑越来越敏感。尽管寻求变革的目标基本保持不变，但结果是一种新的态度和新的方法。现在显然越来越多的人致力于通过政治行动在政治体系内实现他们想要的变革。在学生对柬埔寨、肯特、越南以及他们所说的这个国家在国内外的镇压性种族主义政策的反应的推动下，这种新方法以相当大的热情和速度开始实施。地方、州和国家各级的政治领导人都感受到了其巨大的影响。这种学生骚乱的政治化，如果事实证明它不仅仅是昙花一现，则可能标志着事态的最具建设性的转变。它应该标志着一个噩梦时代结束的开始，这个时代的少数人通过暴力或暴力威胁试图将自己的意志强加于所有人，提出了太多“不可谈判的要求”。它将允许进行合理的政治共识所必需的对话和自由交换意见。如果政治决策要得到大多数人的支持并取得成果，这将鼓励所有应该参与的人参与。这就是我们的政治体系的全部内容，如果它一直滞后或反应迟钝，那么表达深切关注的学生能量应该提供强有力的刺激。每个人都应该从政治学生的这种建设性行动中受益。
THE MOST TURBULENT academic year within memory is drawing to a close as this is written. One senses that faculty and students alike are exhausted, even limp, from the extreme emotional tensions of recent weeks. It is too early to assess what may have been achieved or what may have been destroyed. Curiously, perhaps inevitably, the exercise of bias and bigotry and even violence in protest against bias, bigotry and violence seems to have left less rather than more of these in its aftermath. Confrontations became convocations and teach-ins. The results were increased communication and understanding rather than the reverse. There now appears to be developing a new attitude and a new approach for student action. At this writing it seems that the majority of students, rather than just the minority, have been aroused and seek involvement and action. This new majority has apparently concluded that external pressures of protest, confrontation and even violence have not been very effective in bringing about the changes which were sought and further they also seem increasingly sensitive to the illogicity of using violence to protest violence or repression. The result is a new attitude and a new approach although the goals of seeking change remain basically the same. There is now evident a growing commitment to work for the changes they want within the political system and through political action. This new approach has got under way with considerable ferver and speed under the impetus of the student reaction to Cambodia, Kent, Vietnam, and what they term the repressive racist policies of this nation at home and abroad. Political leaders at the local, state and national levels have felt its considerable impact. This politicalization of student unrest, if it turns out to be something more than a flash in the pan, can signify a most constructive turn of events. It should mark the beginning of the end of a nightmarish era of too many "non-negotiable demands" of the few who by violence or threats of violence sought to impose their will upon all. It will permit the dialogue and free exchange of views necessary for a reasoned political concensus. This will encourage the involvement of all who should be involved if the political decision is to have the support of the majority and be carried to fruition. This is what our political system is all about, and if it has been lagging, or unresponsive, then student energy with expression of deep concerns should provide a potent stimulus. Everyone should benefit from this kind of constructive action by students in politics.