Mental Health and Illness of Children and Adolescents
Mental Health and Illness of Children and Adolescents
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儿童和青少年的心理健康和疾病
DOI：
10.1007/978-981-10-0753-8_22-1
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Arseneault L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arseneault L
被欺负可能是儿童和青少年心理健康问题发展的一个重要因素，而且越来越明显的是，还有其他长期的负面后果。反欺凌计划在解决欺凌行为方面显示出希望。然而，完全消除欺凌的机会微乎其微，我们需要承认，尽管有这样的计划，相当一部分年轻人在年轻时不会逃脱这种形式的虐待。这使得一些儿童和青少年容易受到与童年和青少年时期被欺负有关的伤害。最大限度地减少与被欺凌相关的有害后果的一个想法是增加对受害者和潜在受害者的干预重点，与现有的制止欺凌的计划并行。干预工作应侧重于限制年轻受害者的痛苦，并可能出于同样的原因，防止在以后的生活中出现长期的困难。一项新的创新战略可以旨在从一开始就防止儿童成为欺凌的目标。这种公共卫生方法可能是减少欺凌相关负担和社会成本的更有效方法。需要进一步研究，以更好地理解解释这些不良结果的出现和持续的机制。与此同时，不仅应支持以制止欺凌行为为重点的努力，而且还应扩大为年轻受害者提供适当帮助，防止儿童和青少年成为欺凌的目标。
Being bullied can be an important contributing factor for the development of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence, and it is becoming clear that there are additional longer-term negative outcomes. Anti-bullying programs show promise in tackling bullying behaviors. However, the chances of eradicating bullying completely are minimal, and we need to acknowledge that despite such programs, a considerable proportion of young people will not escape this form of abuse in their youth. This leaves some children and adolescents vulnerable to the harm associated with being bullied in childhood and adolescence. One idea to minimize the harmful consequences associated with being bullied is to increase the focus of interventions on victims and potential victims, in parallel with existing programs to stop bullying. Intervention efforts should focus on limiting distress among young victims and possibly by the same token, preventing long-lasting difficulties in later life. A new innovative strategy could aim at preventing children from becoming the targets of bullying in the first place. Such a public health approach might be a more effective way to reduce the bullying-related burden and considerable costs for society. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms explaining the emergence and persistence of these poor outcomes. In the meantime, efforts focusing on stopping bullying behaviors should not only be supported but also be widened to provide appropriate help to the young victims and prevent children and adolescents from becoming the target of bullying.