Healthier central England or North-South divide? Analysis of national survey data on smoking and high-risk drinking
Healthier central England or North-South divide? Analysis of national survey data on smoking and high-risk drinking
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014210
复制
发表时间：
2017-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Michie, Susan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beard, Emma;Brown, Jamie;Michie, Susan
目的：本文比较了英格兰各地区的吸烟和高危酒精使用模式，并评估了调整社会人口特征对这些模式的影响。设计：对英格兰53，922名16岁以上成年人进行了人口调查，参加了酒精和吸烟工具包研究。措施：参与者回答了关于他们的社会经济地位（SES），性别，年龄，种族，政府办公室区域，吸烟状态，并完成酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）。高危饮酒者被定义为那些与8分或更多（7或更多的妇女）的AUDIT.Results：在未经调整的分析，相对于西南，那些在英格兰北部更容易吸烟，而那些从英格兰东部，东南部和伦敦的可能性较小。经社会人口统计学调整后，东北部的吸烟率并不高（RR 0.97，p > 0.05），西北部（RR 0.98，p > 0.05）或约克郡和亨伯（RR 1.03，p > 0.05），但在东、西米德兰兹郡较不常见（RR 0.86，p < 0.001; RR 0.91，p < 0.05）、英格兰东部（RR 0.86，p < 0.001）、东南部（RR 0.92，p < 0.05）和伦敦（RR 0.85，p < 0.001）。高风险饮酒在英格兰北部更为常见，但在英格兰中部、伦敦和东部则不太常见。社会人口统计学的调整几乎没有影响。东北部的患病率较高，（RR 1.67，p < 0.001），西北（RR 1.42，p < 0.001）和约克郡和亨伯（RR 1.35，p < 0.001）;东米德兰兹的发病率较低（RR 0.69，p < 0.001），西米德兰兹郡（RR 0.77，p < 0.001），英格兰东部（RR 0.72，p < 0.001）和伦敦（RR 0.71，p < 0.001）;东南部的患病率相似（RR 1.10，p > 0.05）结论：在调整分析中，吸烟和高危饮酒在“英格兰中部”比在该国其他地区更不常见。在吸烟方面的区域差异，而不是在高危饮酒方面的差异，似乎在一定程度上可以用社会人口差异来解释。
Objectives: This paper compares patterns of smoking and high-risk alcohol use across regions in England, and assesses the impact on these of adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics.Design: Population survey of 53 922 adults in England aged 16+ taking part in the Alcohol and Smoking Toolkit Studies.Measures: Participants answered questions regarding their socioeconomic status (SES), gender, age, ethnicity, Government Office Region, smoking status and completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). High-risk drinkers were defined as those with a score of 8 or more (7 or more for women) on the AUDIT.Results: In unadjusted analyses, relative to the South West, those in the North of England were more likely to smoke, while those from the East of England, South East and London were less likely. After adjustment for sociodemographics, smoking prevalence was no higher in North East (RR 0.97, p > 0.05), North West (RR 0.98, p > 0.05) or Yorkshire and the Humber (RR 1.03, p > 0.05) but was less common in the East and West Midlands (RR 0.86, p < 0.001; RR 0.91, p < 0.05), East of England (RR 0.86, p < 0.001), South East (RR 0.92, p < 0.05) and London (RR 0.85, p < 0.001). High-risk drinking was more common in the North but was less common in the Midlands, London and East of England. Adjustment for sociodemographics had little effect. There was a higher prevalence in the North East (RR 1.67, p < 0.001), North West (RR 1.42, p < 0.001) and Yorkshire and the Humber (RR 1.35, p < 0.001); lower prevalence in the East Midlands (RR 0.69, p < 0.001), West Midlands (RR 0.77, p < 0.001), East of England (RR 0.72, p < 0.001) and London (RR 0.71, p < 0.001); and a similar prevalence in the South East (RR 1.10, p > 0.05)Conclusions: In adjusted analyses, smoking and high-risk drinking appear less common in 'central England' than in the rest of the country. Regional differences in smoking, but not those in high-risk drinking, appear to be explained to some extent by sociodemographic disparities.