Unified theory of bacterial sialometabolism: how and why bacteria metabolize host sialic acids.
Unified theory of bacterial sialometabolism: how and why bacteria metabolize host sialic acids.
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DOI：
10.1155/2013/816713
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vimr ER
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vimr ER
唾液酸是一种结构多样的九碳酮糖，主要存在于人类和其他动物中，作为与蛋白质或脂类相连的碳水化合物链的末端单位。唾液酸在生物体发育和体内平衡所必需的细胞-细胞和细胞-分子相互作用中起作用。它们不仅对栖息或侵入动物粘膜表面的微生物构成屏障，而且也是细菌定植、持续、生长和偶尔引起疾病所必需的潜在碳、氮和细胞壁代谢物的来源。微生物基因组测序项目的爆炸式增长揭示了细菌唾液酸代谢潜力的显著多样性。细菌如何利用宿主唾液酸包括一系列令人惊讶的复杂代谢和调节能力，这些能力现在刚刚进入成熟的研究阶段。本文试图通过在分子和宿主-微生物相互作用水平上的最新进展来描述细菌唾液代谢系统的多样性。希望这一重点将为进一步的研究提供一个框架，从而更好地理解细菌生长和宿主环境之间的代谢相互作用。改变或阻断这种相互作用的能力已经为改变或阻断细菌定植或感染的潜在新治疗方法提供了重要的新见解。
Sialic acids are structurally diverse nine-carbon ketosugars found mostly in humans and other animals as the terminal units on carbohydrate chains linked to proteins or lipids. The sialic acids function in cell-cell and cell-molecule interactions necessary for organismic development and homeostasis. They not only pose a barrier to microorganisms inhabiting or invading an animal mucosal surface, but also present a source of potential carbon, nitrogen, and cell wall metabolites necessary for bacterial colonization, persistence, growth, and, occasionally, disease. The explosion of microbial genomic sequencing projects reveals remarkable diversity in bacterial sialic acid metabolic potential. How bacteria exploit host sialic acids includes a surprisingly complex array of metabolic and regulatory capabilities that is just now entering a mature research stage. This paper attempts to describe the variety of bacterial sialometabolic systems by focusing on recent advances at the molecular and host-microbe-interaction levels. The hope is that this focus will provide a framework for further research that holds promise for better understanding of the metabolic interplay between bacterial growth and the host environment. An ability to modify or block this interplay has already yielded important new insights into potentially new therapeutic approaches for modifying or blocking bacterial colonization or infection.