Location-related differences in weathering behaviors and populations of culturable rock-weathering bacteria along a hillside of a rock mountain
Location-related differences in weathering behaviors and populations of culturable rock-weathering bacteria along a hillside of a rock mountain
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岩山山坡上风化行为和可培养岩石风化细菌种群的位置相关差异
DOI：
10.1007/s00248-016-0921-7
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发表时间：
--
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Xiafang Sheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qi Wang;Rongrong Wang;Linyan He;Xiafang Sheng
细菌在岩石风化、元素循环和土壤形成中起着重要作用。然而，很少有人知道的风化潜力和细菌栖息在岩石表面的人口。在这项研究中，我们从岩石（粗面岩）山的希尔赛德上，中，底部岩石样品沿着以及邻近的土壤中分离细菌，并表征岩石风化行为和细菌种群。每克岩石或表层土壤可获得106- 107个菌落形成单位，共分离出192株细菌。室内岩石溶解实验表明，上部岩样中Fe（67 ~ 92%）、Al（40 ~ 48%）和Cu（54 ~ 81%）的高效增溶剂比例明显较高，而中部岩样中Si（56%）的高效增溶剂比例明显较高。此外，分别有78%、96%和6%的来自顶部岩石、土壤和中间岩石的细菌在岩石溶解过程中显著酸化培养基（pH < 4.0）。岩石风化细菌中有79%与土壤风化细菌不同，其中绝大多数（种水平）为首次报道。此外，还发现了具有位置特异性的岩石风化细菌种群，其中芽孢杆菌属是岩石中最常见的岩石风化细菌（66%）。值得注意的是，顶部岩石和土壤的岩石风化细菌种群的多样性最高和最低，分别。结果表明，在元素（硅，铝，铁，铜）的释放效率和岩石风化细菌的社区沿着岩石山的希尔赛德位置相关的差异。
Bacteria play important roles in rock weathering, elemental cycling, and soil formation. However, little is known about the weathering potential and population of bacteria inhabiting surfaces of rocks. In this study, we isolated bacteria from the top, middle, and bottom rock samples along a hillside of a rock (trachyte) mountain as well as adjacent soils and characterized rock-weathering behaviors and populations of the bacteria. Per gram of rock or surface soil, 106–107colony forming units were obtained and total 192 bacteria were isolated. Laboratory rock dissolution experiments indicated that the proportions of the highly effective Fe (ranging from 67 to 92 %), Al (ranging from 40 to 48 %), and Cu (ranging from 54 to 81 %) solubilizers were significantly higher in the top rock and soil samples, while the proportion of the highly effective Si (56 %) solubilizers was significantly higher in the middle rock samples. Furthermore, 78, 96, and 6 % of bacteria from the top rocks, soils, and middle rocks, respectively, significantly acidified the culture medium (pH < 4.0) in the rock dissolution process. Most rock-weathering bacteria (79 %) from the rocks were different to those from the soils and most of them (species level) have not been previously reported. Furthermore, location-specific rock-weathering bacterial populations were found andBacillusspecies were the most (66 %) frequently isolated rock-weathering bacteria in the rocks based on cultivation methods. Notably, the top rocks and soils had the highest and lowest diversity of rock-weathering bacterial populations, respectively. The results suggested location-related differences in element (Si, Al, Fe, and Cu) releasing effectiveness and communities of rock-weathering bacteria along the hillside of the rock mountain.