Anaerobic choline metabolism in microcompartments promotes growth and swarming of Proteus mirabilis.
Anaerobic choline metabolism in microcompartments promotes growth and swarming of Proteus mirabilis.
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DOI：
10.1111/1462-2920.13059
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Chen Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jameson E;Fu T;Brown IR;Paszkiewicz K;Purdy KJ;Frank S;Chen Y
革兰氏变态杆菌是重要的肠道微生物，但在健康的肠道中只存在于低水平。G变形杆菌在肠道环境中的生态学还知之甚少。在这里，我们证明胆碱是革兰氏变态杆菌代表的重要生长底物。以奇异对虾为模型，我们研究了胆碱代谢的作用，并通过定向突变和随后的互补实验证明了编码胆碱-三甲胺裂解酶的Cut C基因对于胆碱降解为三甲胺是必不可少的。奇异对虾在肉汤培养中能迅速利用胆碱提高生长速度和细胞产量。重要的是，胆碱还促进了P的群集性集落扩张。在固体表面的厌氧条件下的奇异细菌。比较转录组学证明，胆碱不仅能诱导胆碱-三甲胺裂解酶，还能诱导编码外壳蛋白的基因形成细菌微室。随后的透射电子显微镜分析证实，在液体肉汤培养的细胞和固体培养的超鞭毛虫细胞中存在这种新的微隔室。总之，我们的研究揭示了胆碱代谢是P的一种适应策略。并有助于更好地了解这种细菌在健康和疾病方面的生态学。
Gammaproteobacteria are important gut microbes but only persist at low levels in the healthy gut. The ecology of G ammaproteobacteria in the gut environment is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that choline is an important growth substrate for representatives of G ammaproteobacteria. Using P roteus mirabilis as a model, we investigate the role of choline metabolism and demonstrate that the cut C gene, encoding a choline‐trimethylamine lyase, is essential for choline degradation to trimethylamine by targeted mutagenesis of cut C and subsequent complementation experiments. P roteus mirabilis can rapidly utilize choline to enhance growth rate and cell yield in broth culture. Importantly, choline also enhances swarming‐associated colony expansion of P . mirabilis under anaerobic conditions on a solid surface. Comparative transcriptomics demonstrated that choline not only induces choline‐trimethylamine lyase but also genes encoding shell proteins for the formation of bacterial microcompartments. Subsequent analyses by transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of such novel microcompartments in cells cultivated in liquid broth and hyper‐flagellated swarmer cells from solid medium. Together, our study reveals choline metabolism as an adaptation strategy for P . mirabilis and contributes to better understand the ecology of this bacterium in health and disease.