Rare Earth Elements: Minerals, Mines, Magnets (and More)
Rare Earth Elements: Minerals, Mines, Magnets (and More)
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DOI：
10.2113/gselements.8.5.333
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Wall, Frances
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chakhmouradian, Anton R.;Wall, Frances
稀土元素（RE）不仅存在于自然界，而且存在于我们的日常生活中。它们存在于每一辆汽车、电脑、智能手机、节能荧光灯和彩电中，以及激光、镜头、陶瓷等。这些元素的科学应用范围从追踪岩浆和沉积物的来源到用磁共振成像研究身体结构。我们认识到，我们需要稀土用于如此多的应用，但它们的供应实际上仅限于中国的几个矿区，这使得这些元素成为头条新闻，并创造了一个关键金属议程。在这里，我们介绍稀土族：它们的性质，矿物，实际用途和矿床。如果我们能够以对环境和社会负责的方式克服稀土开采和提取的技术挑战，这些元素的潜在来源是多样和丰富的。
The rare earth elements (REEs) are all around us, not only in nature but in our everyday lives. They are in every car, computer, smartphone, energy-efficient fluorescent lamp, and color TV, as well as in lasers, lenses, ceramics, and more. Scientific applications of these elements range from tracing the provenance of magmas and sediments to studying body structures with magnetic resonance imaging. The realization that we need rare earths for so many applications, but that their supply is effectively restricted to several mining districts in China, has brought these elements to the headlines and created a critical-metals agenda. Here we introduce the REE family: their properties, minerals, practical uses, and deposits. Potential sources of these elements are diverse and abundant if we can overcome the technical challenges of rare earth mining and extraction in an environmentally and socially responsible way.