Coastal habitats shield people and property from sea-level rise and storms
Coastal habitats shield people and property from sea-level rise and storms
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DOI：
10.1038/nclimate1944
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Silver, Jessica M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arkema, Katie K.;Guannel, Greg;Silver, Jessica M.
极端天气、海平面上升和沿海生态系统退化使人和财产面临更大的沿海灾害损害风险(1-5)。完整的珊瑚礁和沿海植被可减少损失的可能性和程度(1)，特别是当这些生境与脆弱社区和基础设施交织在一起时。使用五种海平面上升情景，我们计算出美国海岸线每1公里(2)的危险指数。我们使用这个指数来确定最脆弱的人和财产，这表明他们处于国家海岸线危险的上四分之一。如果现有的沿海栖息地保持完全完好，最容易受到危害的人口、贫困家庭、老年人和住宅财产的总价值可以减少一半。沿海栖息地保护着佛罗里达州、纽约和加利福尼亚州最多的人口和总财产价值。我们的分析提供了第一份由于自然生境而减少风险的国家地图，并指出了珊瑚礁和植被的养护和恢复最有潜力保护沿海社区的地方。
Extreme weather, sea-level rise and degraded coastal ecosystems are placing people and property at greater risk of damage from coastal hazards(1-5). The likelihood and magnitude of losses may be reduced by intact reefs and coastal vegetation(1), especially when those habitats fringe vulnerable communities and infrastructure. Using five sea-level-rise scenarios, we calculate a hazard index for every 1 km(2) of the United States coastline. We use this index to identify the most vulnerable people and property as indicated by being in the upper quartile of hazard for the nation's coastline. The number of people, poor families, elderly and total value of residential property that are most exposed to hazards can be reduced by half if existing coastal habitats remain fully intact. Coastal habitats defend the greatest number of people and total property value in Florida, New York and California. Our analyses deliver the first national map of risk reduction owing to natural habitats and indicates where conservation and restoration of reefs and vegetation have the greatest potential to protect coastal communities.