The Relationship Between Craving and Tobacco Use Behavior in Laboratory Studies: A Meta-Analysis
The Relationship Between Craving and Tobacco Use Behavior in Laboratory Studies: A Meta-Analysis
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DOI：
10.1037/a0036879
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Tiffany, Stephen T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gass, Julie C.;Motschman, Courtney A.;Tiffany, Stephen T.
过去50年来发表的实验室研究，包括渴望和烟草消费或烟草寻求措施的措施被纳入荟萃分析，以评估渴望和烟草使用之间的关系。寻求措施被进一步细分为反映非自动和自动认知过程控制的措施。在初始文献综述识别的2，498篇文章中，来自50项研究的204项分析被认为合格。总的来说，渴望和结果行为之间的关系是适度的（r = 0.20，p <0.001）。在数据收集过程中强制禁欲的研究表明，渴望和结果之间的关系（r = 0.24，p <0.001）比没有强制禁欲的研究（r = 0.18，p <0.001）更强。此外，在那些报告依赖性的研究中，烟瘾和结果之间的整体关联对于依赖性较低的吸烟者来说更强。单独的荟萃分析显示，结果测量的类型调节了综合效应，渴望和非自动寻求测量之间的关系（r = 0.34，p <0.001）强于渴望和自动寻求/消费测量之间的关系（两者都是rs = 0.15，p <0.001）。这些研究结果表明，渴望可能发挥作用，但不完全占，烟草使用行为;此外，在何种程度上渴望预测行为可能会增加时，行为是在非自动认知控制。
Published laboratory studies from the last 50 years that included measures of craving and tobacco consumption or tobacco-seeking measures were included in a meta-analysis in order to assess the relationship between craving and tobacco use. Seeking measures were further subdivided into those that reflected control by nonautomatic and automatic cognitive processes. Of 2,498 articles identified by the initial literature review, 204 analyses from 50 studies were deemed eligible. Overall, the relationship between craving and outcome behaviors was modest (r = .20, p < .001). Studies that imposed abstinence during data collection showed a stronger relationship between craving and outcome (r = .24, p < .001) than studies that did not (r = .18, p < .001). Further, of those studies that reported dependence, the overall association between craving and outcome was stronger for smokers who were less dependent. Separate meta-analyses revealed that the type of outcome measure moderated the omnibus effect, with the relationship between craving and nonautomatic seeking measures (r = .34, p < .001) being stronger than the relationship between craving and automatic seeking/consumption measures (both rs = 0.15, p < .001). These findings suggest that craving may play a role in, but does not fully account for, tobacco-use behaviors; furthermore, the extent to which craving predicts behavior may be increased when the behavior is under nonautomatic cognitive control.