Stormwater control impacts on runoff volume and peak flow: A meta‐analysis of watershed modelling studies
Stormwater control impacts on runoff volume and peak flow: A meta‐analysis of watershed modelling studies
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.13784
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
C. Bell;Jordyn M. Wolfand;Chelsea L. Panos;A. Bhaskar;R. L. Gilliom;T. Hogue;K. Hopkins;A. Jefferson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Bell;Jordyn M. Wolfand;Chelsea L. Panos;A. Bhaskar;R. L. Gilliom;T. Hogue;K. Hopkins;A. Jefferson
几十年的研究得出结论，流域中不透水表面覆盖的百分比与城市河流健康的负面影响密切相关。最近，市政当局一直在推动通过安装结构性雨水控制措施（SCM）来抵消这些影响，这些措施是旨在保留和减少径流的景观特征，以减轻城市化对事件水文的影响。本研究的目标是建立普遍的关系，在城市流域的SCM实施水平和由此产生的水文变化。对地球仪流域尺度SCM实施的185项同行评议研究进行了文献综述，以确定52项适用于Meta分析的建模研究，以建立SCM实施与水文变化之间的统计关系。水文变化被量化为暴雨事件径流量和洪峰流量之间的流域与SCM相对于一个（接近）相同的控制流域没有SCM的百分比减少。结果表明，在流域中，SCM缓解的不透水面积每增加1%，径流量就会额外减少0.43%，峰值流量减少0.60%。在不同的概率水平上确定了SCM实施所需的值，以产生水量指标的变化。例如，有90%的可能性（高置信度），峰值流量至少减少1%，缓解33%的不透水表面。然而，随着削减目标的增加或缓解不透水面的减少，达到削减目标的概率也会降低。这些关系可以被管理者用来计划在流域尺度上实施供应链管理。
Decades of research has concluded that the percent of impervious surface cover in a watershed is strongly linked to negative impacts on urban stream health. Recently, there has been a push by municipalities to offset these effects by installing structural stormwater control measures (SCMs), which are landscape features designed to retain and reduce runoff to mitigate the effects of urbanisation on event hydrology. The goal of this study is to build generalisable relationships between the level of SCM implementation in urban watersheds and resulting changes to hydrology. A literature review of 185 peer‐reviewed studies of watershed‐scale SCM implementation across the globe was used to identify 52 modelling studies suitable for a meta‐analysis to build statistical relationships between SCM implementation and hydrologic change. Hydrologic change is quantified as the percent reduction in storm event runoff volume and peak flow between a watershed with SCMs relative to a (near) identical control watershed without SCMs. Results show that for each additional 1% of SCM‐mitigated impervious area in a watershed, there is an additional 0.43% reduction in runoff and a 0.60% reduction in peak flow. Values of SCM implementation required to produce a change in water quantity metrics were identified at varying levels of probability. For example, there is a 90% probability (high confidence) of at least a 1% reduction in peak flow with mitigation of 33% of impervious surfaces. However, as the reduction target increases or mitigated impervious surface decreases, the probability of reaching the reduction target also decreases. These relationships can be used by managers to plan SCM implementation at the watershed scale.