The impacts of urbanization on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations: Empirical evidence from 135 countries worldwide
The impacts of urbanization on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations: Empirical evidence from 135 countries worldwide
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城市化对细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 浓度的影响：来自全球 135 个国家的经验证据
DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.086
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Zhan Dongsheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Qiang;Kwan Mei-Po;Zhou Kan;Fan Jie;Wang Yafei;Zhan Dongsheng
关于城市化对处于不同经济发展阶段的国家PM2.5浓度的影响，很少有人进行系统的研究。在这项研究中，提出了一个广义的城市化概念，该概念考虑了城市化引起的城市经济和交通部门的变化，以考察城市化对欠发达国家、发展中国家和发达国家1998-2014年全国PM2.5浓度的影响。结果表明，城市化与PM2.5浓度有显著的相关性，但不同发展水平的国家群体对城市化的影响程度不同。首先，欠发达国家PM2.5浓度对城市化和交通相关排放增加的积极反应明显强于发展中国家和发达国家。其次，对发展中国家而言，城市化、与交通相关的排放和工业化都对国家PM2.5浓度上升有显著的积极影响，尽管它们的影响出人意料地小于其他国家集团。最后，城市化程度的提高和制造业二氧化碳排放量的减少似乎降低了发达国家的PM2.5平均浓度，而与交通相关的二氧化碳排放量的减少可能会导致全国PM2.5平均浓度的上升。
Few attempts have been made to systematically investigate the impacts of urbanization on PM2.5concentrations in countries at different stages of economic development. In this study, a broad concept of urbanization that considers the transformations in the urban economy and the transport sector induced by urbanization is proposed to investigate the influence of urbanization on national PM2.5concentrations for underdeveloped, developing and developed countries during 1998–2014. The results indicate that urbanization has a significant relationship with PM2.5concentrations, but the magnitude of its influence varies among groups of countries with different development levels. First, the positive response of PM2.5concentrations to increased urbanization and transport-related emissions in underdeveloped countries are noticeably stronger than that in developing and developed countries. Second, for developing countries, urbanization, transport-related emissions and industrialization all have a significant positive effect on national PM2.5concentrations increase, although their impacts are unexpectedly smaller than those in the other groups of countries. Finally, increasing urbanization and the decrease in CO2emissions from manufacturing industry appear to reduce national average PM2.5concentrations in developed countries, while the decrease in transport-related CO2emission is likely to cause the rise in national average PM2.5concentrations.