Exposed Rock Reduces Tree Size, but Not Diversity.
Exposed Rock Reduces Tree Size, but Not Diversity.
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裸露的岩石会减少树木的大小，但不会减少多样性
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2022.851781
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Li, Yuanfa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Jie;Zhang, Lianjin;Li, Yuanfa
由石灰岩组成的喀斯特被广泛认为是生物多样性的“诺亚方舟”。在喀斯特地区，岩石和土壤基质包括两种不同的场地类型，尽管两者都可以支持茂密的森林。然而，目前尚不清楚裸露岩石的存在是否以及如何影响森林多样性和树木大小。我们在中国西南部喀斯特地貌的老橡树林(>；300年)中建立了一块2.2 公顷的地块(200 × 110 m)。通过物种多样性指数(丰富度、个体数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数)、林分空间结构参数、胸径(DBH)、树高(TH)和树断面积(BA)分析了各成分的植物多样性和树木大小。利用非度量多维尺度分析了样地物种的分布格局，并利用冗余度分析评价了非生物环境变量对物种多样性和乔木大小的影响。结果表明，两种立地类型(即岩石和土壤)具有相似的总体物种多样性；乔木和灌木在研究地点内大部分是随机分布的。群落内乔木大小分化均匀，乔木占优势，尤其是在土壤上。岩石上的乔木处于中等混合状态，岩石上的灌木处于高度混合状态。生长在土壤上的乔木和灌木的趋势则相反。生长在岩石上的树的胸径、TH和BA小于生长在土壤上的树。非生物环境变量对两个立地类型的树木多样性和大小的影响不同，它们分别只解释了总变异的21.76%和14.30%。这些结果表明，裸露的岩石具有减小树木尺寸的作用，但不具有多样性，从而突出了岩石在维持多样性方面的重要作用；此外，这些结果表明，喀斯特微生境可能会缓解地形对树木多样性和生长的影响。在保护和管理喀斯特森林以及恢复退化的森林生态系统方面，应更加重视裸露的岩石。
Karst made up of limestone is widely considered a “Noah’s ark” of biodiversity. Rock and soil substrates comprise two different site types in karst terrain, although both can support dense forests. However, it is unclear whether and how the presence of exposed rock affects forest diversity and tree size. We established a 2.2 ha plot (200 × 110 m) in an old-growth oak forest (> 300 years) in karst terrain in southwestern China. We classified the plot into rock and soil components; we analyzed plant diversity and tree size in each component using species diversity indices (richness, number of individuals, Shannon–Wiener index, and Pielou evenness index), stand spatial structure parameters, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height (TH), and tree basal area (BA). We also analyzed the distributional patterns of species at the sites using non-metric multidimensional scaling, then assessed the effects of abiotic environmental variables on diversity and tree size using redundancy analysis. Our results indicated that both site types (i.e., rock and soil) had similar overall species diversity; trees and shrubs were largely distributed at random within the study site. Tree size was evenly differentiated in the community, and trees were dominant, particularly on soil. Trees on rock were in a status of medium mixture, whereas shrubs on rock were highly mixed. The opposite trend was observed for trees and shrubs growing on soil. The DBH, TH, and BA were smaller in trees growing on rock than in trees growing on soil. Abiotic environmental variables had varying effects on the diversity and size of trees at the two site types; they only explained 21.76 and 14.30% of total variation, respectively. These results suggest that exposed rock has the effect of reducing tree size, but not diversity, thus highlighting the important role of rock in maintaining diversity; moreover, the results imply that karst microhabitats may mitigate the impacts of topography on tree diversity and growth. Greater attention should be focused on exposed rock in the conservation and management of karst forests and the restoration of degraded forest ecosystems.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Fayolle A;Engelbrecht B;Freycon V;Mortier F;Swaine M;Réjou-Méchain M;Doucet JL;Fauvet N;Cornu G;Gourlet-Fleury S
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
1.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
Sobral-Leite, Marcelo
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Liu, Libin;Ni, Jian;Zhang, Zhonghua
通讯作者：
Zhang, Zhonghua
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Callaway, RM;Brooker, RW;Cook, BJ
通讯作者：
Cook, BJ