Adolescents' participation in Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous: Review, implications and future directions
Adolescents' participation in Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous: Review, implications and future directions
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DOI：
10.1080/02791072.2007.10400612
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Myers, Mark G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelly, John F.;Myers, Mark G.
青少年治疗方案经常采用12步的概念，并鼓励参加匿名戒酒会（AA）和匿名戒毒会（NA）。由于AA/NA组很容易免费获得，并在复发风险高的时候提供灵活的支持，他们有希望作为一个治疗辅助在日益成本紧缩的经济气候。然而，由于对青少年发展状况的关注，AA/NA对青少年的效用存在怀疑。本综述评估了这方面的经验证据，确定和讨论了知识差距，并建议未来的研究领域。研究在PsychINFO、Medline、相关文献和个人信件中进行。研究结果表明，青少年可能受益于治疗后的AA/NA参与，但结论受到四个重要因素的限制：（1）少量研究;（2）没有对门诊患者进行研究;（3）现有证据仅为观察性证据;（4）仅部分测量12步结构。虽然青少年SUD治疗计划的调查表明，广泛的临床兴趣和成人衍生的12步方法的应用，这种程度的热情还没有反映在研究界。定性研究是必要的，以提高我们对青年特定的AA/NA障碍的理解，疗效，比较有效性和过程研究仍然需要告知青年提供者的临床实践指南。
Youth treatment programs frequently employ 12-Step concepts and encourage participation in Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA). Since AA/NA groups are easily accessible at no charge and provide flexible support at times of high relapse risk they hold promise as a treatment adjunct in an increasingly cost-constricting economic climate. Yet, due to concerns related to adolescents' developmental status, skepticism exists regarding the utility of AA/NA for youth. This review evaluates the empirical evidence in this regard, identifies and discusses knowledge gaps, and recommends areas for future research. Searches were conducted in PsychINFO, Medline, relevant literature and by personal correspondence. Findings suggest youth may benefit from AA/NA participation following treatment, but conclusions are limited by four important factors: (1) a small number of studies; (2) no studies with outpatients; (3) existing evidence is solely observational; and ( 4) only partial measurement of the 12-Step construct. While surveys of adolescent SUD treatment programs indicate widespread clinical interest and application of adult-derived 12-Step approaches this level of enthusiasm has not been reflected in the research community. Qualitative research is needed to improve our understanding of youth-specific AA/NA barriers, and efficacy, comparative effectiveness, and process studies are still needed to inform clinical practice guidelines for youth providers.