Wintering migration and distribution of anchovy in the Yellow Sea and its relation to physical environment
Wintering migration and distribution of anchovy in the Yellow Sea and its relation to physical environment
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发表时间：
2007
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通讯作者：
W. Hao
中科院分区：
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作者：
W. Hao
根据2001 ~ 2003年秋季和冬季的调查资料，研究了黄海黄颡鱼的越冬洄游、分布及其与环境因子的关系。利用环境适宜度定量探讨了环境因子对鸟类迁徙分布的影响。该指数以温度和盐度为输入参数，用于描述越冬越冬期黑鲷的物理环境适宜程度。结果表明，黄海冷水团（YSCWM）和黄海暖流（YSWC）是黄海黑鲷越冬洄游和分布的主要控制因子，黄海黑鲷越冬洄游和分布受水温和盐度等环境因子的“驱动”。在秋季，扬子鳄决定了扬子鳄的越冬迁徙和分布。在这一时期，浮游生物主要聚集在长江中下游边缘区11~12 ℃的底层等温线附近。长江中下游边缘区可能是白蛉越冬迁飞的主要路线。而在冬季，YSWC决定了鸟类的分布。此时，降水主要集中在由西南暖流侵入形成的暖水舌边缘地带的11~13 ℃等温线上沿着。身体环境适应度与身体素质的分布具有很好的匹配性。适合度的负梯度方向决定了越冬候鸟的迁徙路线，适合度最高的区域正好与越冬候鸟密度最高的区域重合。因此，环境适宜度作为一个有效的环境指标，在预测鱼类聚集区的形成方面具有重要作用。
The wintering migration and distribution of anchovy in the Yellow Sea and its relation to environmental factors were investigated on the basis of the survey data in autumn and winter from 2001 to 2003. The effects of environment factors on the migration and distribution of anchovy were probed quantitatively by using environmental fitness. This index is used for depicting the degree of fitness of physical environment for wintering anchovy, with temperature and salinity being taken as input parameters. It was found that the wintering migration and distribution of anchovy tended to be "driven" by such environmental factors as water temperature and salinity, the Yellow Sea cold water mass (YSCWM) and the Yellow Sea warm current (YSWC) being two main controlling factors. In autumn, YSCWM determines the wintering migration and distribution of anchovy. During this period, anchovy mainly congregates round the bottom-water isotherm of 11～12 ℃ in the marginal region of the YSCWM. The marginal region of the YSCWM seems to be the main wintering migration route of anchovy. In winter, however, YSWC decides the distribution of anchovy. At that time, anchovy mainly concentrates along the 11～13 ℃ isotherm in the marginal region of the warm water tongue formed by the intrusion of the YSWC. The physical environmental fitness matches very well with the distribution of anchovy. The negative gradient direction of the fitness determines the route of the wintering migration of anchovy, as the areas with highest fitness just coincide with the areas with highest density of wintering anchovy. Evidently, the environmental fitness, as a valid environmental indicator, could play an important role in predicting the formation of concentration region for anchovy.