Immunosuppression for in vivo research: state-of-the-art protocols and experimental approaches.
Immunosuppression for in vivo research: state-of-the-art protocols and experimental approaches.
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DOI：
10.1038/cmi.2016.39
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
24.1
通讯作者：
Boltze J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diehl R;Ferrara F;Müller C;Dreyer AY;McLeod DD;Fricke S;Boltze J
几乎每一种使用非自体细胞、组织或器官移植的实验性治疗策略在临床转化之前都在小型和大型动物模型中进行了测试。因为这些策略在大多数情况下需要免疫抑制，所以免疫抑制方案是移植实验中的关键要素。然而，标准的免疫抑制方案通常在没有关于其在特定实验环境和所选模型物种中的功效的详细知识的情况下应用。这些方案的优化与将实验结果转化为人类患者有关，因此值得进一步研究。本文综述了免疫抑制药物的种类、剂量和给药方案，并考虑了种属特异性药物代谢和副作用。它还总结了新的免疫调节策略，如使用间充质干细胞或抗体的当代知识。因此，本综述旨在为研究人员提供一个最先进的纲要，以完善应用实验性免疫抑制和免疫调节策略，以提高临床前移植研究的预测价值。
Almost every experimental treatment strategy using non-autologous cell, tissue or organ transplantation is tested in small and large animal models before clinical translation. Because these strategies require immunosuppression in most cases, immunosuppressive protocols are a key element in transplantation experiments. However, standard immunosuppressive protocols are often applied without detailed knowledge regarding their efficacy within the particular experimental setting and in the chosen model species. Optimization of such protocols is pertinent to the translation of experimental results to human patients and thus warrants further investigation. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding immunosuppressive drug classes as well as their dosages and application regimens with consideration of species-specific drug metabolization and side effects. It also summarizes contemporary knowledge of novel immunomodulatory strategies, such as the use of mesenchymal stem cells or antibodies. Thus, this review is intended to serve as a state-of-the-art compendium for researchers to refine applied experimental immunosuppression and immunomodulation strategies to enhance the predictive value of preclinical transplantation studies.