Intranuclear DNA density affects chromosome condensation in metazoans
Intranuclear DNA density affects chromosome condensation in metazoans
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DOI：
10.1091/mbc.e13-01-0043
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kimura, Akatsuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hara, Yuki;Iwabuchi, Mari;Kimura, Akatsuki
染色体浓缩对于遗传信息的准确遗传至关重要。浓缩的程度，这是反映在有丝分裂过程中浓缩染色体的大小，是不是恒定的。它在胚胎和体细胞中受到不同的调节。除了染色体浓缩的发育程序化调节之外，可能存在基于空间参数（诸如基因组长度或细胞大小）的适应性调节。我们认为染色体凝聚受一个空间参数的影响，这个空间参数被称为每个核空间的染色体数量，或称为“核内DNA密度”。“使用秀丽隐杆线虫胚胎，我们发现浓缩的染色体大小在早期胚胎发生过程中有所不同。重要的是，将DNA含量改变为单倍体或多倍体会改变凝聚的染色体大小，即使在相同的发育阶段。凝聚的染色体大小与间期核大小相关。最后，在非洲爪蟾卵的无细胞系统中，细胞核大小的减少导致浓缩染色体大小的减少。这些数据支持核内DNA密度调节染色体凝聚的假设。这表明后生动物染色体凝聚调节的适应性模式。
Chromosome condensation is critical for accurate inheritance of genetic information. The degree of condensation, which is reflected in the size of the condensed chromosomes during mitosis, is not constant. It is differentially regulated in embryonic and somatic cells. In addition to the developmentally programmed regulation of chromosome condensation, there may be adaptive regulation based on spatial parameters such as genomic length or cell size. We propose that chromosome condensation is affected by a spatial parameter called the chromosome amount per nuclear space, or "intranuclear DNA density." Using Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, we show that condensed chromosome sizes vary during early embryogenesis. Of importance, changing DNA content to haploid or polyploid changes the condensed chromosome size, even at the same developmental stage. Condensed chromosome size correlates with interphase nuclear size. Finally, a reduction in nuclear size in a cell-free system from Xenopus laevis eggs resulted in reduced condensed chromosome sizes. These data support the hypothesis that intranuclear DNA density regulates chromosome condensation. This suggests an adaptive mode of chromosome condensation regulation in metazoans.