Building on Shanghai Soil: A Historical Survey of Foundation Engineering in Shanghai, 1843-1941
Building on Shanghai Soil: A Historical Survey of Foundation Engineering in Shanghai, 1843-1941
复制标题
上海土地上的建筑：1843-1941 年上海基础工程的历史调查
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
James W. P. Campbell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hongbin Zheng;Yiting Pan;James W. P. Campbell
在短短一百年的时间里，当地和外国的建筑师和工程师利用引进和改造的西方建筑技术，将上海从一个建立在冲积泥土上的贫穷渔村变成了一个高楼大厦林立的现代化城市。基础技术在这一过程中的关键重要性很容易被忘记，因为基础被隐藏在人们的视线之外。本文对1843年至1941年上海基础工程的发展进行了历史考察。本文根据大量历史文献和50多栋建筑的实例研究，首次展示了贫瘠的土壤和不断上涨的地价是如何推动了混凝土基础、钢筋混凝土筏板基础、混凝土桩基础和长(节)木桩基础等西方基础技术的采用和适应。它还表明，近代上海的奠基史是一个过程，涉及西方技术、技术、材料和机械的全球化，以及他们对当地条件的适应，如软土、飞涨的地价、中国的建筑商、本土材料和传统技术。
In just one hundred years, using imported and modified western building technologies, local and foreign architects and engineers changed Shanghai from a poor fishing village founded on alluvial mud into a modern city bristling with high-rise buildings. The critical importance of foundation technology in this process is all too easily forgotten because foundations are hidden from view. This paper provides a historical survey of the development of foundation engineering in Shanghai from 1843 to 1941. Based on many historical documents and case studies of more than 50 buildings, this article shows for the first time how the poor soil and the rising land prices provided the impetus for the adoption and adaption of western foundation techniques such as concrete foundations, RC raft foundations, concrete pile foundations, and long (joint) timber pile foundations. It also shows that the foundation history of modern Shanghai is a process involving western technicians, technologies, materials, and machinery’s globalization, and their adaption to local conditions such as soft soil, soaring land prices, Chinese builders, native materials and traditional techniques.