SOME TESTS OF THE DECAY THEORY OF IMMEDIATE MEMORY
SOME TESTS OF THE DECAY THEORY OF IMMEDIATE MEMORY
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DOI：
10.1080/17470215808416249
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发表时间：
1958-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
BROWN, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BROWN, J
把记忆痕迹的衰退作为遗忘的一个原因的假说一直不受欢迎。这种不受欢迎的原因是批评和理论的记忆广度，根据这一假设，提出。三个实验，测试的假设进行了说明。在每一种情况下，向受试者呈现两种刺激，即，“必要的”刺激，他试图记住，和“额外的”刺激，他只是作出反应。第一个实验将表明，即使所需刺激的数量远远低于记忆广度，如果额外刺激的呈现延迟回忆几秒钟，遗忘也会发生。第二个例子表明，额外刺激的效果仅略微取决于它们与所需刺激的相似性：它还表明，当它们在所需刺激之前而不是之后时，它们的效果可以忽略不计。第三个结果表明，在回忆之前插入的额外刺激的效果仍然相当大，即使在呈现所需和额外刺激之间有几秒钟的间隔。
The hypothesis of decay of the memory trace as a cause of forgetting has been unpopular. The reasons for this unpopularity are criticized and a theory of the memory span, based on this hypothesis, is put forward. Three experiments which test the hypothesis are described. In each, two kinds of stimuli are presented to the subject, viz., “required” stimuli, which he attempts to remember, and “additional” stimuli, to which he merely makes responses. The first experiment will show that even when the number of required stimuli is well below the memory span, forgetting occurs if the presentation of additional stimuli delays recall for several seconds. The second shows that the effect of the additional stimuli depends only slightly on their similarity to the required stimuli: it also shows that their effect is negligible when they precede, instead of follow, the required stimuli. The third shows that the effect of additional stimuli interpolated before recall remains considerable even when there is an interval of several seconds between presentation of required and additional stimuli.