The Impact of Ozone-Depleting Substances on Tropical Upwelling, as Revealed by the Absence of Lower-Stratospheric Cooling since the Late 1990s
The Impact of Ozone-Depleting Substances on Tropical Upwelling, as Revealed by the Absence of Lower-Stratospheric Cooling since the Late 1990s
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DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-16-0532.1
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
L. Polvani;Lei Wang;V. Aquila;D. Waugh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Polvani;Lei Wang;V. Aquila;D. Waugh
臭氧消耗物质对全球平流层下部温度趋势的影响已得到广泛认可。然而，在热带地区，了解平流层下部的温度趋势被证明更具挑战性。虽然从1979年至1997年观测到的热带低平流层冷却与热带臭氧减少有关，但这些臭氧趋势不可能是化学品造成的，因为热带低平流层中的活性氯并不丰富。1979- 1997年的热带臭氧趋势被认为源于上升流的增强，人们经常说，上升流的增强是由混合良好的温室气体浓度增加造成的。这项研究使用基于1997年后观测证据的简单论点，结合模式积分与增量增加的单一强迫，认为臭氧消耗物质的趋势，而不是混合良好的温室气体，一直是热带低平流层温度和臭氧趋势的主要驱动力，直到1997年，这已经发生了。
AbstractThe impact of ozone-depleting substances on global lower-stratospheric temperature trends is widely recognized. In the tropics, however, understanding lower-stratospheric temperature trends has proven more challenging. While the tropical lower-stratospheric cooling observed from 1979 to 1997 has been linked to tropical ozone decreases, those ozone trends cannot be of chemical origin, as active chlorine is not abundant in the tropical lower stratosphere. The 1979–97 tropical ozone trends are believed to originate from enhanced upwelling, which, it is often stated, would be driven by increasing concentrations of well-mixed greenhouse gases. This study, using simple arguments based on observational evidence after 1997, combined with model integrations with incrementally added single forcings, argues that trends in ozone-depleting substances, not well-mixed greenhouse gases, have been the primary driver of temperature and ozone trends in the tropical lower stratosphere until 1997, and this has occurre...